Chapter 14

Question 1

use of fertilizers in agriculture

Answer 1

• replace inorganic nutrients removed by plants

- do not replace organic matter

Question 2

plants require (2)

Answer 2

1. macronutrients

2. micronutrients

Question 3

macronutrients

Answer 3

• large quantities
• nitrogen
• phosphorus
• potassium

Question 4

micronutrients

Answer 4

• small quantities
• boron
• zinc
• manganese and others
• just as important, just dont need as much of it

Question 5

N:P:K ratios

Answer 5

N=nitrogen
P=phosphorus
K=potassium

Question 6

impacts of fertilizer use (2)

Answer 6

1. runoff into waterways
   
   • stimulates growth of algae
2. oxygen level in water goes way down
   
   • impacts aquatic organisms
   • creates “dead zones”

Question 7

pesticides

Answer 7

chemicals used to kill or control the population of unwanted fungi, animals, or plants (pests)

Question 8

persistent pesticides (example)

Answer 8

• pesticides that last over a long period of time

- DDT = extremely persistent

Question 9

problems with pesticide use (6)

Answer 9

1. persistence
2. bioaccumulation
3. biomagnification
4. development of pesticide resistance
5. effects on nontarget organisms
6. human health concerns

Question 10

bioaccumulation

Answer 10

nontarget organisms accumulate pesticides in body fat

Question 11

biomagnification

Answer 11

pesticide increases in concentrations as you move up the food chain

Question 12

human health concerns (5)

Answer 12

• death/illness
• long term impacts
  
  • mental development
  • cancer
  • reproductive