Chapter 14 Flashcards
Three types of Stressful Conflict
1)Approach/Approach conflict
2)Avoidance/Approach Conflict
2) Avoidance/Avoidance Conflict
Kinds of Stressors
-Daily Hassles (mini-stressors)- eg) bad drivers
-Life Changes- starting school, divorce
-Traumatic events- unexpected events such as disaster or violence
-chronic Negative events- poverty, illness
-Socio-cultural conditions-ethnic minority groups- move to a new country
Social Readjustment Rating Scale
records specific positive and negative life events to determine an individual’s current level of stress- a score of over 300 is more likely to experience physical illness than those who score below 150
Physical Symptoms of Stress
Breathing and heart rate quicken
You begin to sweat
Your mouth gets dry
Your stomach tightens
General Adaptation Syndrome
-Alarm- Body’s reaction to a stressor(fight or flight
- Resistance- Body attempt to stabilize (cope with stressor)
- Exhaustion- exposure to a stressor depletes energy and resistance
Appraisal
Primary Appraisal- How big is the stressor(how problematic is it)
Secondary Appraisal- appraisal of the resources and one’s ability to deal with the stressors
Autonomic Reactivity and Stress
Differences in the intensity of the autonomic nervous system everyone responds differently- more optimistic tend to think positively, while pessimistic get stuck
Personality Styles and Stress
Hardy or stress-resistant personality- welcome challenges, view stressors as growth opportunities
Personality Styles and Stress****
Type A- style results in continual stress- hostile, angry( Correlated with Cardiovascular disease)
Type B- More relaxed, less hostile
Most comm is A and B
Type C- Particularly vulnerable to stress- positive- peace-loving- have a hard time expressing emotions- they do not advocate for themselves often, which leads them to stress
Type D- Distressed- worry, gloomy, socially inhibited
Social Supports and stress
More social support seems to correlate with less stress (quality over quantity)
Coping with Stress
Coping- efforts to manage, reduce, or tolerate stress
Humour- laughter improves health
Mediation- promotes relaxation
Lashing out psychological r physical
Self-defence- defensive, avoidant behaviours
Self-indulgence-smoking, drinking
Constructive strategies with Stress
Probleme-focused coping- efforts aimed at a stressor
Emotion-focused Coping- changing feelings about the stressor
Cognitive reappraisal- finding a way to reinterpret negative aspects of the situation so they are less upsetting
Cognitive Responses to Stress
Autonomic Reactivity to Stress
Personality Style and Stress
Explanatory Style and Stress
Social Support and Stress
Solution Focused Therapu
Brief and Goal Orientated
Collaborative approach
Identifying and amplifying strengths
Future orientation
Miracle question
Emtion focused coping
Expression of Emotion- Journaling etc
Regulation of emotion- CBT, reframing it
