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AP World History > Chapter 14-16 > Flashcards

Chapter 14-16 Flashcards

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1
Q

New Monarchies (vocab)

A

(France, England & Spain)- centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits.

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2
Q

Three field system

A

Rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, & one lies fallow. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe.

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3
Q

English civil war

A

Conflict over royal versus.
Parliamentary rights checked the growth of royal absolutism & with the glorious revolution & the English bill of rights ensured that England would be a constitutional monarchy.

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4
Q

Papacy

A

Central administration of the Roman Catholic Church, of which the pope is the head.

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5
Q

Gothic cathedrals

A

Large churches originating in twelfth-century France; built by pointed arches, tall vaults & spires, flying buttresses, and large stained glass windows.

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6
Q

Vasco da Gama

A

A Portuguese explorer.

Led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening a commercial sea route.

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7
Q

Arawak

A

Amerindian peoples who inhabited the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean at the time of Columbus.

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8
Q

Bartolommeo Dias

A

A Portuguese explorer.

Led the first expedition to sail sound the southern tip of Africa from the Atlantic & sight of the Indian Ocean.

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9
Q

Moctezuma

A

Last aztec emperor, overthrown by the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés.

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10
Q

Atahualpa

A

Last ruling Inca emperor of Peru.

Executed by the Spanish.

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11
Q

The 3 field system was what?

A

Rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, & one lies fallow. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe.

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12
Q

The poem “Canterbury Tales” was written by who?

A

Geoffrey Chaucer

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13
Q

What caused continued growth of trade & manufacturing after 1200?

A

Growth of urban areas in Latin West

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14
Q

Where was the first modern university as a degree granting corporation established?

A

Latin west

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15
Q

Europeans view natural world through 2 belief systems, what are they?

A

Folklore & religion

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16
Q

Charles V failed to unify all Europe, but Spain, France & England successfully unified their states by doing what?

A

Building a more successful program of political unification based on political centralization & religious unity

17
Q

Bourgeoisie means what?

A

Urban class that dominated manufacturing, finance commerce & allied professions.

Wealthy merchants

18
Q

What fostered artistic growth in the renaissance?

A

Patronage of wealthy merchants & prelates

19
Q

Who did Henry the navigator derive funds from for his expeditions?

A

Order of Christ

20
Q

In light of challenges to Catholic Church, many reforms were enacted such as what?

A

Protestant-Catholic

21
Q

Portuguese primary focused on what city in eastern Indian Ocean?

A

Malacca

22
Q

First Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with what?

A

Laughter?

Open arms?

23
Q

What “architecture wonder” first made its appearance in France on/ or about the year 1140 CE?

A

Gothic cathedrals

24
Q

What contributed to the continued growth of trade & manufacturing after 1200?

A

Latin west

25
Q

What was the Portuguese’s focus in the eastern Indian Ocean?

A

Gold

26
Q

What were the motives that led to Iberian overseas expansion?

A

All of the above

27
Q

What was an early impetus for Portuguese maritime exploration?

A

Access to Sub Saharan gold trade

28
Q

What was the belief that humans could understand social behavior using reason?

A

The enlightenment

29
Q

Many religious & intellectual leaders viewed the new science with suspicion as shown by what event?

A

Science revolution

30
Q

Define who the Habsburg were.

& what lands were under their control?

A

A dynasty of Austria- Spanish throne of Castile & Aragon.

Provided holy roman emperors & found Austro-Hungarian empire

31
Q

What is the Black Death?

Why do historians describe this epidemic as having a positive impact on Europe in the long term?

A

Was a disease that killed a third of the Western European population. It spread to different countries as well.

It had a positive impact, because it recovered from the population loss & regained it in 1200. It even changed social changes in Western Europe.

AP World History (5 decks)

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