Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ELS Pittsburg State > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of plants?

A

Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic, are sessile, and have cellulose in cell walls.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does autotrophic mean?

A

An organism that creates its own food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some challenges associated with stationary living?

A

Not being able to obtain food, having trouble finding mates, and resisting predation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do plants do when they can’t reach sunlight?

A

They bend in place to grow towards the light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

One way male and female plants reproduce?

A

By having alternating haploid and diploid life stages and using other organisms to transport the male gametes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The types of plants:

A

Non vascular, vascular seedless, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Characteristics of non-vascular plants:

A

No vessels to transport water and nutrients.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Characteristics of vascular seedless plants:

A

Has vessels to transport water and nutrients and doesn’t produce seeds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Characteristics of gymnosperms:

A

Has vessels to transport water and nutrients, produces seeds, and doesn’t produce flowers or fruit (cones).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Characteristics of angiosperms:

A

Has vessels to transport water and nutrients, produces seeds, and produces flowers and fruit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did plants evolve in response to gravity?

A

They grew close to the ground to resist the pull of gravity (ie; moss).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How did plants evolve in response to desiccation?

A

They developed an outer waxy layer called a cuticle which covers their entire surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are are the most likely ancestors of plants?

A

Green algae.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When does algae appear in the fossil record?

A

472 MYA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are bryophytes?

A

Liverworts, mosses, and hornworts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why are bryophytes important?

A

They help with flood and erosion control, are used to create peat, and is used (as peat) to dry barley for Scotch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Are bryophytes vascular?

A

Nah

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do bryophytes reproduce?

A

By releasing haploid spores that grow and produce gametes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What part of moss is the haploid form?

A

The spongy part.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the diploid form of the moss?

A

The spore capsules on top of the stalks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Examples of vascular seedless plants:

A

Ferns and horsetails.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do vascular seedless plants rely on to reproduce?

A

The wind.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Wen were vascular seedless plants a key component of swamps?

A

360-300 MYA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are spores?

A

Single-celled things with DNA, RNA, and a few proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are seeds?

A

A multicellular embryo with a store of nutrients.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Examples of gymnosperms:

A

Conifers, cycads, gnetophytes, and ginkgo.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

When did gymnosperms evolve?

A

160 MYA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How do gymnosperms reproduce?

A

By wind pollination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why are conifers important?

A

We need them for wood, paper, food (pine nuts, juniper berries (makes gin), and because they make up some of the oldest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are angiosperms:

A

The majority of plants on the planet that flower and are used to make food and medicine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

When did angiosperms evolve?

A

135 MYA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the structure of a male flower?

A

The anther which produces pollen and the filament which is the supporting stock.W

33
Q

What is the male reproductive structure of a flower called?

A

The stamen.

34
Q

What is the structure of a female flower?

A

The stigma which is a sticky tip, the style which is an elongated stalk, and the ovary which contains the ovules.

35
Q

What is the female reproductive structure of a flower called?

A

The carpel.

36
Q

How do plants attract pollinators?

A

By tricking bees to mate with the flower and by bribing them with nectar. In both instances, the bee is covered in pollen.

37
Q

How do angiosperms disperse seeds?

A

Getting carried by the wind, get carried off by an animal, or by attaching to passing animals.

38
Q

What does foxglove do?

A

Slows your heart rate.

39
Q

What does willow bark do?

A

Provide pain relief.

40
Q

What does ipecacuanha do?

A

Causes vomiting.

41
Q

What are the characteristics of fungi?

A

They are more related to animals, are eukaryotic, lack chlorophyll, contain chitin, are heterotrophic, and can be multi or unicellular.

42
Q

What kingdom do plants belong to?

A

Plantae

43
Q

What kingdom do fungi fall under?

A

Fungi (dumbass)

44
Q

How many phyla are in the Fungi Kingdom?

A

7

45
Q

What are the major groups of fungi?

A

Yeasts, truffles and mushrooms, and molds.

46
Q

What are the characteristics of fungi?

A

Feeding by absorbing decaying materials and secreting enzymes.

47
Q

What is the largest organism in the world?

A

The yellow honey mushroom fungus.

48
Q

What are some harmful fungi for plants?

A

Wheat rust and dutch elm disease.

49
Q

What are harmful fungi for people?

A

Yeast infections, jock itch, ringworm, toenail fungus, toxic mold, and aspergillis.

50
Q

What is cedar apple rust?

A

A disease caused by a fungal pathogen that needs two hosts to complete its life cycle.

51
Q

How are fungi helpful?

A

We use them for penicillium, cholesterol drugs, bread, alcohol, cheese, and truffles.

52
Q

How do plants and fungi live symbiotically?

A

Mycorrhizal fungi grow with the roots of plants, receiving sugar in exchange for nitrogen and phosphorous.

53
Q

Example of mutualism in lichens:

A

A fungus uses enzymes to break down a rock, and algae produce energy for it through photosynthesis.

54
Q

WHat method of reproduction do plants and fungi share?

A

Spores

55
Q

What is an example of a vascular seedless plant?

A

A fern

56
Q

What is the cell wall component in fungi?

A

Chitin

57
Q

Plants and fungi are —-, or anchored to the ground.

A

Sessile

58
Q

All true fruits come from a —-

A

Flower

59
Q

What is the process where trees remove carbon dioxide pollution from the air?

A

Sequestration

60
Q

What is the term for the complex branching structures of fungi?

A

Hyphae

61
Q

What is the name for an organism that is a decomposer, has cell walls, and is sessile?

A

Fungi

62
Q

What is an example of a root, such as a sweet potato?

A

Tuber

63
Q

What is the term for a photosynthesizing organism with cell walls and reproduces via seeds?

A

Plant

64
Q

What is an example of club fungi?

A

Mushrooms

65
Q

What is an example of imperfect fungi?

A

Bread mold; yeast

66
Q

What is an example of ac fungi?

A

Morels

67
Q

What plant group is characterized by its spores and roots?

A

Vascular seedless

68
Q

What plant group do avocados, roses, cucumbers, and sunflowers belong to?

A

Angiosperms

69
Q

What plant group has seeds that are. stored in a cone?

A

Gymnosperms

70
Q

What group of plant grows close to the ground without veins for water transport?

A

Non-vascular seedless

71
Q

A fungi single-celled or multi-celled?

A

Both

72
Q

Are plants single-celled or multi-celled?

A

Multi-celled

73
Q

Are Fungi heterotrophic or autotrophic?

A

Heterotrophic

74
Q

Are plants heterotrophic or autotrophic?

A

Autotrophic

75
Q

In fungi, the cell walls are made of —-

A

Chitin

76
Q

In plants, the cell walls are made off —-

A

Cellulose

77
Q

Do fungi reproduce with spores or seeds?

A

Spores

78
Q

Do plants reproduce with spores or seeds?

A

Both

ELS Pittsburg State (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions