Chapter 14/15 Study Guide (Ren/Ref)

Question 1

Who founded the Jesuit order?

Answer 1

Ignatius of Loyola

Question 2

What was one of John Calvin’s major teachings?

Answer 2

Predestination

Question 3

Why was the Medici family famous?

Answer 3

Rulers, supporter of the arts, wealthy?

Question 4

Who declared himself head of the English church?

Answer 4

Henry VIII

Question 5

What was the renaissance a rebirth of?

Answer 5

Art and literature

Question 6

What were Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas Moore?

Answer 6

Christian humanist writers

Question 7

What did humanists focus on?

Answer 7

Human potential and achievements.

Question 8

What were indulgences?

Answer 8

Parsons that released someone from the penalties of their sin.

Question 9

In what ways did Leonardo da Vinci represent a Renaissance man?

Answer 9

Painter, sculptor, scientist, etc (many talents)

Question 10

What was the 1st full sized book that Gutenberg printed?

Answer 10

The Bible

Question 11

What does the work utopia mean today?

Answer 11

“Ideal place”

Question 12

How did Protestant get it’s name?

Answer 12

It was the german princes that were protesting against the Catholics.

Question 13

Why did the northern renaissance lag behind the Italian renaissance?

Answer 13

Italy flourished in trade, north had 100 Years War (at the time)

Question 14

What city fell to the ottoman Turks in 1453?

Answer 14

Constantinople

Question 15

What does AnaBaptist mean?

Answer 15

“Baptize again”, believed only adults should be baptized/church - state separate

Question 16

Who supported renaissance artists?

Answer 16

Patrons

Question 17

In England the king declared himself king of what church?

Answer 17

Anglican Church, Church of England

Question 18

What did Gutenberg invent?

Answer 18

The printing press

Question 19

What was the act of supremacy?

Answer 19

When Henry broke from the church / made his own

Question 20

What was the main reason for the split of the Catholic Church and England?

Answer 20

He wanted a male heir / another woman

Question 21

What were some of Luther’s main beliefs?

Answer 21

All people of faith we were equal

Question 22

What was a major reason for the reformation?

Answer 22

European merchants resented paying church tax (???)

Question 23

What was a important effect of the printing press?

Answer 23

Increased literacy rate

Question 24

Why was block printing more useful in Europe than in China?

Answer 24

Europe had a smaller number of characters.

Question 25

Explain the peace of Augsburg.

Answer 25

“It settled fightings between Catholics / Protestants, let german princes decide own religion.

Question 26

What was agreed upon at the council of Trent?

Answer 26

Church’s interpretation of the Bible was final.

Question 27

Which idea of Martin Luther’s most influenced John Calvin?

Answer 27

Humans CAN NOT earn a way to heaven.

Question 28

(SA) What were Luther’s Chief objections to the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 28

Martin Luther deeply objected many of the church’s problems during the time (for example, the church’s practice of worldly matters and simony), which he stated in his 95 Thesis. However, Luther had main/chief objectives he stated frequently. For example; only saved by faith alone, Bible was ONLY authority, all believers equal with god

Question 29

(SA) What were the effects of Gutenberg’s printing press?

Answer 29

The printing press during those times had a larger impact than expected because of its convenience and speed. Back then, took 5 months to make book. Printing press made 500 in that time. Since more than one copy, lower cost/more available for ppl to read. People could spread intelligence and communication through the books, such as studies, research, maps, charts, that could be built on.

Question 30

(SA) How was the shift from medieval to renaissance values reflected in the art and learning of the two periods?

Answer 30

The art and learning of the time gives insight and expresses values of the times they were written. For example, in art, medival people solely wanted to show religious and very stiff. However, Ren thought more of themselves and humanity, more expressive and elaborate. When it came to learning, medival took fact easy and served w/o thought. REN were skeptical of everything, religion/authority/scientific meathod. Spread of ideas mean more to be built upon.

Question 31

(SA) Which aspects of the renaissance contributed to the environment that made the reformation possible?

Answer 31

Renaissance was a time of deep learning and improvement, which extremely helped add fire to a coming reformation. People used this new knowledge and power to avantage. Now able to speak out about problems in the church! The people were also skeptical of religion and the athority figures in church during that time. They questioned everything about their leaders and tried to not blindly follow religious faith and leaders without knowing everything; skeptical of church’s ideals.

Question 32

What kind of person represented a renaissance man?

Answer 32

A very smart (athletic?) person adept in many areas.