Chapter 11 (From Study Guide)

Question 1

Where did most serfs search for freedom?

Answer 1

Towns and cities

Question 2

What was the central issue of the Hundred Years’ War?

Answer 2

There was no heir to the French throne.

Question 3

What group was most responsible for the spread of the bubonic plague in Europe?

Answer 3

Traders

Question 4

What was the main goal of the crusades?

Answer 4

Recover/take back the holy land/s! (Jerusalem)

Question 5

What was the name of the legislative body of medieval England?

Answer 5

Parliament

Question 6

What was the major cause of the great schism?

Answer 6

Arguments over who was the true pope (2/3 at the time)

Question 7

What was the effect of the three-field system?

Answer 7

More food / higher food supply?

Question 8

What were problems in the church during the Middle Ages?

Answer 8

Priests were marrying / had families, practice of Simony, practice of lay investiture

Question 9

What did the magma Carta guarantee?

Answer 9

Basic legal rights

Question 10

What was the nature of a craft guild?

Answer 10

It was an association of people that worked in the same occupation

Question 11

(Short Answer) what forces brought an end to the age of chivalry?

Answer 11

Main one is the long bow : invented in HYW, better than mounted Calvary (knights), bow won against knights in battle of Crecy. Another possible factor would be the eventual decline of feudalism. With the power of the king increasing after the crusades and the serfs leaving the manor (creating more towns) there wasn’t much of a need for knights or chivalry.

Question 12

(Short answer) What were some of the most important effects of the bubonic plague in Europe?

Answer 12

The biggest effect would be a durastic decrease in population (less animals, less trade, higher prices to do things)
Jews were blamed, church lost prestige, and serfs left manor

Question 13

(Short answer) why did the practice of lay investiture cause such a serious conflict between the emperor and the pope?

Answer 13

Define lay investiture
Emperor wanted that power b/c he wanted more power over the church, since the church was huge.
Pope didn’t like it, since emperor could pick really important officials (powerful, too)
Both argued over who’s power it was and fought about it for some time

Question 14

How was the great schism resolved?

Answer 14

Made all 3 popes design and choose a new pope.

Question 15

How did the battle of Hastings change the course of English History?

Answer 15

The Normals took control of England (changed who was in charge).

Question 16

What did the decisions of the English royal courts of justice create?

Answer 16

English common law

Question 17

What functions did a guild craft perform?

Answer 17

Work place safety, insured money?, trained people/their workers, regulated quality of work, protected worker rights, etc.

Question 18

By how much did the three field system increase the amount of land that could be farmed each year?

Answer 18

1/2 to 2/3

Question 19

What was the purpose of the reconquista?

Answer 19

To drive the Muslims out of Spain

Question 20

What was the result of the fourth crusade?

Answer 20

It failed, instead they got distracted and looted other cities (never made it)

Question 21

What were John Wycliffe’s complaints about the church?

Answer 21

Too worldly (wealthy), did not agree with popes (Jesus/Bible is true authority)