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Psychology 210 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

personality

A

a person’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

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2
Q

psychodynamic theories

A

human behavior is a dynamic interaction between the conscious and unconscious.

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3
Q

according to Freud, the mind is made up of what?

A

conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.

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4
Q

conscious

A

awareness

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5
Q

preconscious

A

not in conscious awareness, but easily retrieved

(e.g memory)

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6
Q

unconscious

A

unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and memories

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7
Q

The three components of Freud’s personality theory?

A

Id, superego, and ego.

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8
Q

Id

A

basic sexual and aggressive drives

all about me/instant gratification

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9
Q

Superego

A

internalized ideals and standards for judgement

angel on shoulder

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10
Q

ego

A

mediates demands of the id and superego

achieve goals/desires in a balanced way

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11
Q

Freud’s 5 stages of personality development

A
  1. oral
  2. anal
  3. phallic
  4. latent
  5. genital
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12
Q

oral (1)

A

babies derive pleasure by putting things in their mouths

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13
Q

oral fixation examples

A

sucking thumb, chewing gum, biting nails

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14
Q

anal (2)

A

pleasure is derived from eliminating from bladder/bowels

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15
Q

anal retentive

A

kids that hold in it when potty training or when told to go to the bathroom

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16
Q

phallic (3)

A

derive pleasure from genitals

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17
Q

oedipus complex

A

boys want to murder their father to have sex with mom

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18
Q

Electra complex

A

girl wants to kill mom to sleep with father

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19
Q

latent (4)

A

healthy period with no fixations or fixations have been suppressed.

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20
Q

genital (5)

A

if there are no fixations on earlier sages, personality will not be affected.

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21
Q

freud’s theory of defense mechanisms is conscious or unconscious?

A

unconscious

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22
Q

repression

A

banish anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.

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23
Q

regression

A

retreat to an earlier more infantile state of development.

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24
Q

reaction formation

A

ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses to their opposites.

25
Q

projection

A

disguise own threatening impulses by attributing them to others.

26
Q

rationalization

A

unconsciously generate self-justifying explanation to hide self from real reason of actions

27
Q

displacement

A

shift sexual/aggressive impulses toward more acceptable/less threatening objects

28
Q

sublimation

A

shift unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.

29
Q

denial

A

refusal to accept true nature of threat

30
Q

psychodynamic theory (Freud)

A

the psychology of mental or emotional forces or processes developing especially in early childhood and their effects on behavior
-Freud overestimated the influence of parental factors.

31
Q

trait

A

distinguished quality/characteristic

32
Q

personality is made up of _____.

A

traits

33
Q

Gordon Allport was interested in ____ not _____ behavior.

A

describing, not explaining.

34
Q

5 traits of Eysenk’s personality dimensions

A 
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
35
Q

Psychoanalytic theory

A

childhood sexuality/ unconscious motivations influence personality.

36
Q

humanistic theory

A

inner capacity for growth and self fulfillment

37
Q

trait theories

A

examines traits

38
Q

social cognitive theories

A

explore the interactions between traits and their social context

39
Q

defense mechanisms

A

tactics that reduce/redirect anxiety by distorting reality

40
Q

Neo-freudians put more emphasis on?

A

the conscious mind’s role in interpreting experiences. AND they doubted that sex/aggression were all-consuming motivations.

41
Q

collective unconscious

A

a common reservoir of images derived from our species of universal experiences.

42
Q

Freud’s main accepted idea:

A

Much of our mental life in unconscious.

43
Q

Freud’s basic ideas:

A

the personality structures of id, ego, and superego; the importance of the unconscious; the childhood roots of personality; and the dynamics of anxiety and the defense mechanisms.

44
Q

false consensus effect

A

the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors.

45
Q

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A

projection test that provides a reliable map of people’s implicit motivation

46
Q

Maslow proposed that we are motivated by ?

A

a hierarchy of needs

47
Q

self actualization

A

the process of fulfilling our potential

48
Q

self- transcendence

A

meaning, purpose, and identity beyond the self

49
Q

who did Maslow study?

A

healthy, creative people

50
Q

carl roger’s person centered perspective?

A

Rogers’ person-centered perspective held that people are basically good and are endowed with self-actualizing tendencies.

51
Q

Roger’s believed that a growth promoting social climate included?

A

acceptance, genuineness, empathy.

52
Q

Roger’s and Maslow believed that a central part of personality’s is?

A

one’s self-concept: all the thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question, “Who am I?”

53
Q

What did Allport to that Freud did not do:

A

describe personality in terms of fundamental traits, or people’s characteristic behaviors and conscious motives

54
Q

Allport was more concerned about _____ individual traits, less about ____ them.

A

describing, explaining

55
Q

Isabel Briggs Myers

A

Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

56
Q

Myers Briggs test is a counseling and coaching tool, not a _____.

A

research tool

57
Q

How does our biology influence our personality?

A

Our genes influence the temperament and behavioral style that shape our personality.

(twins have similar personality)

58
Q

Personality inventories

A

longer questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors—assess several traits at once

Psychology 210 (9 decks)

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