Chapter 14 Flashcards
Everyone must understand how to communicate successfully and what causes communication failure. Most mistakes are tied to forgetting one of the five core communication principles. The five principles are: (14.2.)
focused, organized, clear, understanding, and supported
Everyone must understand how to communicate successfully and what causes communication failure. Most mistakes are tied to forgetting one of the five core communication principles. The acronym that represents the five principles is _______. (14.2.)
FOCUS
Most communication failures are tied to forgetting one of the five core communication principles. The five principles are focused, organized, clear, understanding, and supported. Focused means: (14.3.)
the sender has a clear idea of the intended audience and objective and stays on track
The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Organized” means: (14.4.)
the material is presented in a logical, systematic manner
The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Clear” means: (14.5.)
spell and pronounce words and assemble and punctuate sentences correctly; get to the point
The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Understanding” means: (14.6.)
to understand the audience’s current knowledge, views, and interest level in the topic
The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Supported” means: (14.7.)
to use logic and support to make your point and build credibility
In addition to the five principles of successful communication (FOCUS), the PDG recognizes seven steps to effective communication: Analyze purpose and audience, Research your topic, Support your ideas, Organize and outline and _______. (14.8.)
draft, edit, and fight for feedback
The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication: Analyze Purpose and Audience, Research the Topic, Support your Ideas, Organize and Outline, Draft, Edit, and Fight for Feedback. The first four steps: (14.8.)
lay the groundwork for the drafting process
The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication: Analyze Purpose and Audience, Research the Topic, Support your Ideas, Organize and Outline, Draft, Edit, and Fight for Feedback. The first step, Analyze Purpose and Audience, means: (14.9.)
to determine who the audience is and the purpose of the communication
The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to: (14.9.1.)
direct, inform, persuade, or inspire
The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which purpose describes the need to pass on clear, concise directions describing actions you expect to be carried out by your audience? (Fig 14.3.)
direct
The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which purpose is the need to pass on accurate and adequate information tailored to the education and skill levels of the audience? (Fig 14.3.)
inform
The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which purpose is trying to sell your audience on a new idea, new policy, new product, or change in operations? (Fig 14.3.)
persuade
The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which of these purposes places emphasis on delivery, a thorough knowledge of your topic and likewise your audience? (Fig 14.3.)
inspire
One way to make sure you are clear on your objective is to write a purpose statement. This statement is _______. (14.9.2.)
one sentence that captures the essence of what you are trying to do; your “bottom line”
The first of seven steps to effective communication is Analyze Purpose and Audience. The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: (14.9.5.)
primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers
The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The primary receiver: (14.9.5.1.)
is the person you directly communicate with, either verbally or in writing
The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The secondary receiver: (14.9.5.2.)
is people you indirectly communicate with through the primary receivers
The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The key decision makers: (14.9.5.3.)
are the most powerful members of the audience; the ones who make the decisions
The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The gatekeepers: (14.9.5.4.)
are people who review communication before it reaches the intended audience
The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication. The second step, Research the Topic, means to: (14.10.)
research your topic to uncover information that will support your communication goals
The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication. The third step, Support your Ideas, means to _______. (14.11.)
figure out how to use what you have to meet your communication goals
The third step to effective communication is “Support your Ideas”. Using the comments of recognized authorities to support your claim is known as _______. (14.11.2.)
testimony
The fourth step to effective communication, Organize and Outline, means to: (14.12.)
select a pattern that presents ideas systematically and logically from start to finish
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Some of the most common organization patterns are: (14.12.)
Topical, Compare or Contrast, Chronological, Sequential, Spatial or Geographical, Problem and Solution, Reasoning and Logic, and Cause and Effect
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern would be used to to present groups of ideas, objects, or events by categories? (14.12.1.)
Topical
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern should be used when you need to discuss similarities and differences between topics, concepts, or ideas? (14.12.2.)
Compare or Contrast
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is appropriate to discuss events, problems, or processes in the sequence of time in which occurrences take place or should take place? (14.12.3.)
Chronological
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is similar to the chronological pattern and is used to describe a sequence of steps necessary to complete a technical procedure or process? (14.12.4.)
Sequential
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is based on a directional strategy -north to south, east to west, clockwise or counterclockwise, bottom to top, above and below? (14.12.5.)
Spatial or Geographical
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is used to identify and describe a problem and one or more possible solutions, or an issue and possible techniques for resolving the issue? (14.12.6.)
Problem and Solution
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern should be used when your mission is to present research that will lead your audience down the path to your point of view? (14.12.7.)
Reasoning and Logic
The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern should be used to show how one or more ideas, actions, or conditions lead to other ideas, actions, or conditions? (14.12.8.)
Cause and Effect
The fifth of seven steps to effective communication is Prepare a Draft. A draft: (14.13.)
-is not a finished product-does not have to be polished and perfect-doesn’t require perfect grammar, punctuation, spelling, or word choice
A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. Which part captures your audience’s attention, establishes rapport, and announces your purpose? (14.13.1.)
Introduction
A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. A typical introduction has three components: (14.13.1.)
stage-setting remarks, a purpose statement, and an overview
A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. Which part is the heart of your message and includes the main ideas about your subject and supporting details under each main idea? (14.13.2.)
Body
A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. Which part summarizes the main points discussed in the body and leaves the reader with a sense of closure? (14.13.3.)
Conclusion
A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction and conclusion should balance each other without being _______. (14.13.3.)
identical
Paragraphs are the primary vehicles for developing ideas. They: (14.13.4.1.)
-group related ideas into single units of thought-separate one unit of thought from another unit-alert readers the writer is shifting to another phase of the subject
One way to make sure your paragraphs flow together is by using transitions. Internal transitions are used within a sentence to improve the flow, while external transitions are used: (14.13.6.)
to link separate paragraphs together within the body of the communication
There are three considerations to make when drafting sentences: active voice, smothered verbs, and parallelism. Active voice is: (14.13.7.1.)
getting to the point quickly with fewer words