chapter 13: technology Flashcards
the material artifacts or tool we use to enhance and improve our everyday lives or the world around us
technology
the various devices, instruments, and therapies used for diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative, preventive, or experimental purposes as well as the practice and procedures associated with them
medical technologies
the practice of medicine that is heavily dependent on technological devices and advancements
technomedicine
medical gaze
a term introduced by French scholar Michel Foucault, describing a philosophy of health and illness that focuses on objective physical symptoms instead of patients’ subjective experiences. technologies contribute to the medical gaze by allowing doctors to observe symptoms without any patient input, thus “bypassing” the patient
views technology as a dominant, independent, uncontrollable force in society, with its own free will and logic
technological determinism
critics of technological determinism
suggest that problems only became medicalized after the invention of the technologies used to treat these conditions
the idea that industry can use technology to gain undue influence in medicine
medical-industrial complex
a sociological perspective stating that the characteristics of an object are determined by social perception and society as a whole
social essentialism
argue that technology’s moral value comes from its context. technology in the health care field is only one aspect of a broader network of the health care system, and its value comes in the value of its position in this framework
technology-in-practice
the notion that technology shapes the entirety of the patient-carer relationship
technogovernance
a sense of belonging within a group of individuals with a shared biological trait, regardless of geographical location. these groups may engage in biomedical activism
biological citizenship
wherein biomedical classifications are deeply integrated into one’s sense of self
technoscientific identities
medicine not only focusing on curing disease but also on reducing health risks and optimizing wellbeing
biomedicalization
what Foucault describe as a new mode of perception related to spatialization of illness
“anatomo-clinical medicine”
occurred in the two-dimensional form of classificatory tables of disease, these classifications provided a way of seeing the relations among diseases based on the similarity of their symptoms and signs
primary spatialization of illness
occurs as physicians began to locate abnormalities within the three-dimensional space of the body
second spatialization
occurred with the reorganization of hospitals as teaching and healing institutions
third spatialization
observing the entire population medically to dictate what constitutes normal health, and categorizing individuals accordingly
surveillance gaze
observing health at a microscopic, molecular level
molecular gaze
a digital version of a patient’s paper chart, patient-centred records that make information available instantly and securely to authorized users
electronic medical record (EMR)
a not-for-profit research institute that applies the study of health informatics for health services research and population-wide health outcome research in ON, CA
ICES
the study of how often disease or conditions occur in different groups of people and why
epidemiology
professionals concerned with how disease affect society as a whole
epidemiologists
the official system of assigning codes to diagnoses and procedures associated with hospital use, allows the recording, analysis, interpretation and comparison of mortality and morbidity data collected in different countries or regions at different times
the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) based on the WHO
key concept of western biomedicine
- disease classifications
- abnormalities within the body
- reorganization of hospitals
the spread of misinformation
can be spread intentionally to serve a malicious purpose, such as to trick people into believing something for financial gain or political advantage (disinformation)
a guide to spotting fake science
F eel/emotion
A uthor
L anguage
S ource
E xculsive/Secret
C laim
A genda
S cheme/Conspirary
E verything is Cured
