Chapter 13: Personality

Question 1

Milgram Shock Experiment

Answer 1

-not 100% of people obeyed the experimenter to the end
-65% completed the experiment and administered the highest level of shock
-35% of people left
-12.5% refused to go beyond 300V

Question 2

Attribution Theory

Answer 2

Dispositional=Internal
Situational=External

Question 3

Personality accounts for the disobedience of __% of people in the Milgram experiment

Answer 3

35%

Question 4

Personality Psychology

Answer 4

domains of knowledge about human nature

Question 5

Personality

Answer 5

an individual’s unique set of consistent behavioral traits

Question 6

Personality Is Used To Explain:

Answer 6

-the stability in a person’s behavior over time and across situations (consistency)
-the behavioral differences among people reacting to the same situation(distinctiveness)

Question 7

Personality Trait

Answer 7

a durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations

Question 8

Data-Driven Approach To Personality

Answer 8

The Big-Five Model

Question 9

Theory-Driven Approach To Personality

Answer 9

-Psychodynamic (Sigmund Freud)
-Humanistic (Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers)
-Cognitive (George Kelly; Julian Rotter(a social learning theory))

Question 10

The Five-Factor Personality Model (Ocean)

Answer 10

-Openness to experience (variety vs routine)
-Conscientiousness(organized vs disorganized)
-Extraversion(affectionate vs reserved)
-Agreeableness(trusting vs suspicious)
-Neuroticism(worried vs calm)

Question 11

Orthogonal Factors

Answer 11

factors that have no correlation

Question 12

Eysenck Biological Theory

Answer 12

genetics are the primary determinate of personality

Question 13

Melancholic (Introverted, Unstable)

Answer 13

moody, anxious, pessimistic

Question 14

Choleric (Extroverted, Unstable)

Answer 14

touchy, restless, aggressive

Question 15

Phlegmatic(Introverted, Stable)

Answer 15

Thoughtful, Peaceful, Controlled

Question 16

Sanguine(Extroverted, Stable)

Answer 16

Carefree, talkative, lively

Question 17

Psychoticism

Answer 17

the personality type that involves traits like aggression, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior

Question 18

Behavioral View

Answer 18

focuses on environmental factors

Question 19

Biological View

Answer 19

focuses on biological factors

Question 20

Humanistic view

Answer 20

focuses on the bright side of human nature

Question 21

Psychodynamic View

Answer 21

Focuses on the dark side of human nature

Question 22

Avoidance Cycle

Answer 22

Possible Interpersonal Contact>
Stress and Anxiety>
Avoidance or escape>
Short Term: relief>
Long Term: more worry

Question 23

Humanistic Theory Of Personality (Abraham Maslow)

Answer 23

states people achieve their full potential by moving from basic needs to self actualization

Question 24

Humanistic Theory Of Personality Pyramid (Top to Bottom)

Answer 24

self-actualization
ego
social
security
physical

Question 25

Who is considered “the third great revolutionist” in human self-awareness?

Answer 25

Freud

Question 26

Darwin theorized the origin of….

Answer 26

biological traits

Question 27

Freud theorized the origin of…

Answer 27

psychological traits

Question 28

Existence Of Psychic Energy

Answer 28

the interactions between powerful inner forces shape personality and motivate behavior

Question 29

Psychic Determinism

Answer 29

all behaviors were motivated – all acts are determined by motives; no chance or accidental happenings cause behavior

Question 30

Psychoanalysis

Answer 30

every human action has a cause and a purpose that can be discovered through analysis of thought associations, dreams, errors, and other behavioral clues to inner passions

Question 31

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