Chapter 13 Early Adulthood

Question 1

the natural physical decline brought about by aging

Answer 1

senescence

Question 2

the study of the relationship among the brain, the immune system, and psychological factors.

pni

Answer 2

psycho neuro immunology

Question 3

the assessment of an event to determine whether its implications are positive, negative, or neutral.

Answer 3

primary appraisal

Question 4

the assessment of whether one’s coping abilities and resources are adequate to overcome the harm, threat, or challenge posed by the potential stressor.

Answer 4

secondary appraisal

Question 5

medical problems caused by the interaction of psychological, emotional, and physical difficulties.

For instance, ulcers, asthma, arthritis, and high blood

Answer 5

psychosomatic disorders

Question 6

________ ________ involves unconscious strategies that distort or deny the true nature of a situation.

• people may deny the seriousness of a threat, trivializing a life-threatening illness, or tell themselves that academic failure on a series of tests is unimportant
• stop being so defensive*

Answer 6

Defensive coping

Question 7

_______ _______ coping which involves the conscious regulation of “emotion”.

*a mother who is having trouble finding appropriate care for her child while she is at work may tell herself that she should look at the bright side: At least she has a job in a difficult economy

Answer 7

emotion-focused

Question 8

_________ _________ people unconsciously try to prevent themselves from experiencing “emotions”. By attempting to remain unaffected by negative (or positive) experiences, they try to avoid the pain brought about by the experience.

shut ins

Answer 8

emotional insulation

Question 9

Rather than being based on purely logical processes, with absolutely right and wrong answers to problems, ________ _________ acknowledges that adult predicaments must sometimes be solved in relativistic terms.

P-thought

Answer 9

postformal thought

Question 10

__________ _________ accepts that issues are not always clear-cut and that answers to questions are not always absolutely right or wrong but must sometimes be negotiated.

Answer 10

dialectical thinking

Question 11

according to Schaie, the first “stage” of cognitive development, encompassing all of childhood and adolescence, in which the main developmental task is to acquire information.

key word acq——

Answer 11

acquisitive stage

Question 12

the point reached by young adults in which intelligence is applied to specific situations involving the attainment of long-term goals regarding careers, family, and societal contributions.

think Xbox “unlock”

Answer 12

achieving stage

Question 13

the stage in which the major concerns of middle-aged adults relate to their personal situations, including protecting and nourishing their spouses, families, and careers

Answer 13

responsible stage

Question 14

triarchic theory of intelligence Sternberg’s theory that intelligence is made up of three major components:

Answer 14

• componential
• experiential
• contextual

Question 15

according to Sternberg, intelligence that is learned primarily by observing others and modeling their behavior

Answer 15

practical intelligence

Question 16

the set of skills that underlie the accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of emotions

Answer 16

emotional intelligence