Chapter 13 - Acids and Bases Flashcards
3 Strong Acids are:
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Nitric Acid (HNO3) Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
What are Strong Acids?
Strong Acids are those which break up into Hydrogen ions and Negative ions when it is dissolved in water. Ionizes completely.
What are Weak Acids?
Weak Acids only Partially ionizes.
What are Strong Bases?
Strong bases are those which completely dissociate.
What are Weak bases?
Weak bases are substances which partially dissociate.
Bronsted Lowry Theory
An acid-base reaction involves the transfer of a proton from one species to another.
Which is the Proton Donor?
The Acid.
Which is the Proton Acceptor?
The Base.
What are Amphoteric Substances?
Substances that act either as an acid or a base.
What is a Self-Ionization of water?
It is where one molecule donates a hydrogen ion and the other accepts it.
What is a Conjugate acid-base pair?
The acid or base formed when hydrogen is lost.
What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25•C?
7 exactly.
What happens to the pH as the concentration of H+ increases?
The pH falls.
Every change in pH by one unit represents =
A tenfold change in the concentration of H+.
Acids
Monoprotic Acids -> Produces only one H+ during Ionisation
Dirpotic Acids - Produces only two H+ during Ionisation
Triprotic Acids - Produces only thread H+ during Ionisation
Polyprotic Acids -> Produces more than one H+ during Ionisation.
