Chapter 13

Question 1

Social Psychology

Answer 1

study of how people (individuals) think about, influence, and relate to other people

Question 2

Social psychologist focus on

Answer 2

immediate social situations that cause people to act the way they do

Question 3

bystander effect

Answer 3

the tendency for an individual to be less helpful in an emergency when other people are present

Question 4

Social Cognition

Answer 4

explores how people select, interpret, remember, and use social information

Question 5

social neuroscience

Answer 5

study of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that incorporates a range of measures of brain and body function `

Question 6

person perception

Answer 6

the process by which we use stimuli to form impressions of others ( important social cue the face)

Question 7

attribution theory

Answer 7

people are motivated to discover the underlying cause of behavior as their effect to make sense of the behavior

Question 8

actor

Answer 8

a person who produces the behavior

Question 9

observer

Answer 9

a person who offers a causal explanation of the behavior

Question 10

false consensus effect

Answer 10

an overestimation of how people think about you

Question 11

cognitive dissonance

Answer 11

the discomfort of having two inconsistent thoughts

Question 12

asch

Answer 12

conformity

Question 13

milgram

Answer 13

obedience - helped explore why people obey, even when ordered to hurt others, and how we automatically obey certain authority figures
weakness: unethical and cognitive dissonance

Question 14

deindividuation

Answer 14

being part of a group reduces personal identity and erodes the sense of personal responsibility

Question 15

social cogntagion

Answer 15

imitative behavior involving the spread of actions emotions and ideas

Question 16

facilitation vs loafing

Answer 16

facilitation is better performance because of people

loafing is less accountability because of people

Question 17

ethnocentrism

Answer 17

favor ones ethnic group over other groups

Question 18

Controlled processing/behavior

Answer 18

involves spending time deliberating a choice. You stop and concentrate when you use controlled processing.
(conscious mind)

Question 19

Automatic processing/behavior

Answer 19

involves reactive behavior that happens with little effort. You don't have to concentrate to engage in automatic behavior.
Driving
Doing things while driving 
Taking notes in class
Using a computer or cell phone
(subconscious mind)

Question 20

strong correlations

Answer 20

are correlations that are consistent connections between variables

Question 21

illusory correlations ( weak correlations )

Answer 21

people have a tendency to confuse a weak correlation for a strong correlation because weak correlations are random, sometimes they are true, sometimes they are not.

Question 22

Anecdotal evidence

Answer 22

using/confusing personal experience as objective evidence. Believing in a cause & effect relationship because of a similar, personal experience.

Question 23

worldview

Answer 23

is your sense of social reality, particularly your sense of the right way to live & the right way to do things.

Question 24

Self-serving bias

Answer 24

the tendency to see yourself as smarter, more moral, more aware, more motivated, more considerate, “better” than others. This is especially true when making comparisons based on subjective qualities such as appearance, morals, or intelligence.

Question 25

Spotlight effect

Answer 25

the belief that people are paying attention to you more than they actually are.

Question 26

Belief perseverance

Answer 26

persisting with initial beliefs, continuing to believe they might be true, even after they have been discredited or contradicted by objective evidence.

Question 27

Ingroup bias

Answer 27

we think of ourselves and those we affiliate with as being more kind, trusting, faithful, brave, etc than those in the outgroup; the idea that “we” are better than “them”.

Question 28

Realistic group conflict theory

Answer 28

Competition for resources between groups creates discrimination. The majority in a society acts out against the minority(s). Resources include things like jobs, money, food, shelter. Economic recessions and depressions, unemployment, and food shortages can lead to discrimination.

Question 29

Two things are true of all social psych behaviors:

Answer 29

(1) We all display these behaviors every day automatically. They are a part of our automatic processing/behavior.
(2) `Most social psych behaviors are not examples of people at their best; they are unflattering & undesirable behaviors.

Question 30

Zimbardo was interested

Answer 30

how people change themselves from situation to situation, namely how we play roles in life. Zimbardo would say that you are not the same person from situation to situation.