Chapter 10 and 11

Question 1

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 1

the immediate reinforcement is the goal of the behavior. Sometimes referred to as Internal rewards.

Examples: eating to satisfy hunger, engaging in sex for the pleasure, engaging in hobbies or watching tv when bored.

Question 2

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 2

motivation is based on the reinforcements it brings “down the road.” Sometimes called External rewards.
The behavior is part of a chain of events that leads to an eventual goal.
Examples : going to work, to make money, to get food and shelter (pay rent)
go to the gym to get in shape, feel/look better, attract a mate, get married

Question 3

If you believe you get what you work for, get what you deserve, you have an

Answer 3

internal locus of control.“Your life is what you make it.”

Question 4

If you see the world/your life as mostly being out of your control, you have an

Answer 4

external locus of control.”got lucky”

Question 5

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs

Answer 5

physicological needs > saftey > love and belongings >esteem> self acculisation

Question 6

achieving goals can be done by

Answer 6

The goal is realistic
Serious commitment is made, and made publicly -
Feedback is received
Believing the goal is worth the effort

Question 7

Henry Murray

Answer 7

invented the TAT test. His other contribution to psychology was his theory about a Need for Achievement.
Need for power Who in society would you say has/seeks power?

Need for intimacy
Need for affiliation
Need for power
Need for achievmant

Question 8

Hostile aggression

Answer 8

aggression which springs from anger, its goal is to injure, but it is spontaneous, unplanned|
Ex: a bar fight

Question 9

Instrumental aggression

Answer 9

aggression meant to injure, as part of a means to an end. The aggression (supposedly) serves a purpose. It is premeditated & planned.
Ex: war, a terrorist attack

Question 10

Social aggression

Answer 10

threatening someone’s relationships or social status, attempting to hurt another’s feelings

Ex: bullying, spreading gossip

Question 11

Physical aggression

Answer 11

physical harm or injury to one’s body

Question 12

Kinsey,

Answer 12

an entomologist studied sexual orientation in people. He gathered information about sexual habits from mass surveys and wrote the book Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948). 6 point scale 0 being heterosexual 6 being gay

Question 13

Psychology’s official view is that sexuality is

Answer 13

innate: a combination of genetic and environmental (in the womb) factors. Why is sexual orientation not a choice? Evidence supports genetic factors.

Question 14

while sexual orientation is seen as having a genetic component, gender

Answer 14

does not. Environmental and social constraints are determinants of gender. Gender refers to the concepts of masculinity and femininity.