Chapter 13 Flashcards
Define narrative coherence
The way in which the story hangs together and makes sense
Define narrative fidelity
The way in which the story matches our own lives experiences
Describe organizational pattern
Defines the important points of your presentation and keeps the audience on track
Describe chronological pattern
Presenting information in order from first to last. Often used with instructional presentations and historical occasions.
Describe topical pattern
The mostly commonly used organizational pattern. Organized according to subject matter.
Describe spatial pattern
Providing information by location or physical relationship. Example: directions to a local businesS. Details about street art.
Describe cause and effect pattern
Addresses a topic in terms of a cause and its effect on another entity.
Example: because we lack public transportation
Effect we rely on foreign oil
Describe Problem-cause-solution pattern
A way to organize the solving of a dilemma. Explain problem, discuss causes, offer a solution.
Describe monroes motivated sequence
Pursuasive organizational pattern popular with speakers. Encourages audience members to take steps toward helping solve the need that you suggest.
1. Attention getter 2. Need 3. Satisfaction (solve) 4. Visualization (advantages if the Solve is implemented) 5. Action
What four goals should the introduction accomplish?
- Attention getter 2. Thesis 3. Establishes credibility and relevance 4. Communicates clearly what you will tell the audience during the presentation
Give several examples of attention getters
Rhetorical question, direct question, anecdote, personal experience, quote, humor
Describe rhetorical question
Asked in a manner that does not invite an actual responses. Encourages audience to ponder.
Describe direct question
Usually asks for a show of hands, audience participates
Define audience relevance
Usually a “why” statement that tells The members of the audience why they should care about a topic
Describe the qualities for a great conclusion
It restated the thesis, summarizes your main points, ends with a concluding device (not “thank you”)
Describe transitions
Sentences or phrases that link two ideas.
Sentence transitions, nonverbal transitions, internal preview, internal summary, and signposts.
Describe section transitions
Indicate the speaker is moving from one main point to another.
Example: now that we understand A, let’s move on to B.
Describe nonverbal transitions
Utilize physical movement to indicate to the audience you are switching points. Example, moving to a different location
Describe internal preview
Let’s the audience know the specific information you will discuss next. More detailed than a transition. Example: now that we know A, I will explain how B effects C, D, and E.
Describe internal summary
Opposite of internal preview. Remind audience members of what they just learned encouraging them to absorb info and be ready to move on. Example: let’s observe what we have learned so far.
Describe signposts
Brief phrases or words that let the audience know where you are on the presentation. Example: first, second, third. To begin, finally. To clarify, for example.
What are two forms of outlines you should utilize?
Full sentence outline: formal outline which uses complete sentences, for preparing.
Keyword outline: outline that uses words or phrases to remind you of what comes next. Use while you present
Describe in text citations
Provide a brief mention of your source material by indicating the authors last name and the year the information was produced/documented.
