Chapter 13

Question 1

All of the individuals of a species that live together in one place at one time.

Answer 1

Population

Question 2

The process by which populations change in response to their environment.

Answer 2

Natural Selection

Question 3

The changing of a species in its being better suited for the environment.

Answer 3

Adaptation

Question 4

The condition in which two populations of the same species cannot breed with one another.

Answer 4

Isolation

Question 5

Permanently disappear

Answer 5

Extinction

Question 6

Scientists who study fossils.

Answer 6

Paleontologists

Question 7

Structures present in an organism that either have no use or a less important function than they do in other related organisms. Considered to be evidence of an organism’s evolutionary past.

Answer 7

Vestigial Structures

Question 8

Structures that share a common ancestry.

Answer 8

Homologous Structures

Question 9

The model of evolution in which gradual change over a long period of time leads to species formation.

Answer 9

Gradualism

Question 10

A model of evolution, in which periods of rapid in species are separated by periods of little or no change.

Answer 10

Punctuated Equilibrium

Question 11

Type of natural selection; the darkening of populations over time in response to industrial pollution.

Answer 11

Industrial Melanism

Question 12

The accumulation of differences between groups of the same species.

Answer 12

Divergence

Question 13

The process by which a new species is made.

Answer 13

Speciation

Question 14

Populations of the same species that differ genetically due to adaptations to their environment.

Answer 14

Ecological Races

Question 15

The inability of formerly interbreeding groups to mate or form fertile offspring

Answer 15

Reproductive Isolation