Chapter 13 Flashcards
Hybridization
Crossing parent organisms with different forms of a trait to produce offspring with specific traits
Selective breeding
Process by which desired traits of certain plants and animals are selected and passed onto their future generations
Inbreeding
Process in which two closely related organisms are bred to have the desired traits and to eliminate the undesired ones in future generations
Transgenic organism
Organism that is generally engineered by inserting a gene from another organism
Bioinformatics
Involves creating and maintaining databases of biological information
Genetic engineering
Technology that involves manipulating the DNA of one organism in order to insert exogenous DNA
Gene cloning
Process in which large numbers of identical bacteria, each containing the inserted DNA molecules, can be produced.
DNA ligase
An enzyme normally used by cells in DNA repair and replication
Recombinant DNA technology
The newly generated DNA molecule with DNA from another source (fragments from gel and DNA fragments and another source)
Polymerase chain reaction
Once the sequence of a DNA fragment is known, this technique can be used to make millions of copies of a specific region or a DNA fragment
Gel electrophoresis
A process in which an electric current is used to seperate DNA fragments according to the size of fragments
DNA sequencing
Four reaction mixtures include unknown DNA fragment, primer, DNA polymerase, the four nucleotides, and a different tagged nucleotide
