Ch. 17 Flashcards
taxonomy
a discipline of biology primarily concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying species
classification
grouping objects for organisms based on a set of criteria
binomial nomenclature
gives each species a name hat had two parts
taxon
a named group of organisms
genus
a group of species that are closely related and share a common ancestor
family
next higher taxon after genus; consisting of similar, related genera
order
contains related families
class
contains related orders
phylum/division
contains related classes
kingdom
taxon composed of related phyla/ divisions
domain
the broadest of all the taxi & contains one or more kingdoms
phylogeny
the evolutionary history of a species
characters
inherited features that vary among species
molecular clock
model that is used to compare DNA sequences from two different species to estimate how long the species have been evolving since they diverged from a common ancestor
cladistics
method that classifies organisms according to the order that they diverged from a common ancestor
cladogram
branching diagram that represents the proposed phylogeny/evolutionary history of a species/group
bacteria
prokaryotes whose cell walls contain peptidoglycan
Archie
more ancient than bacteria & yet more closely related to eukaryote ancestors (domain)
eukarya
all organisms with eukaryotic cells (domain)
protists
eukaryotic organisms that can be unicellular, colonial, or multicellular
fungus
unicellular/multicellular eukaryotes that absorbs nutrients from organic material in its environment
plantae
species of plants (kingdom)
animalia
species of animals (kingdom)
dichotomous key
classification tools
