ch. 28

Question 1

neutral crest

Answer 1

group of cells that develop from the nerve cord in vertebrates

Question 2

scale

Answer 2

small, flat, plate like structure near the surface of the skin

Question 3

fin

Answer 3

paddle-shaped structure on a fish or other aquatic animal that is used balance, steering, and propulsion

Question 4

operculum

Answer 4

movable flap that covers the gills and protects them

Question 5

nephron

Answer 5

filtering unit within the kidney that helps maintain the salt and water balance of the body and to remove cellular waste products from the blood

Question 6

lateral line system

Answer 6

enables fishes to detect movement in the water and also helps to keep them upright and balanced

Question 7

spawning

Answer 7

process which male and female fishes release their gametes near each other in the water

Question 8

swim bladder

Answer 8

gas-filled space like a balloon found in bony fishes that allows fish to control its depth

Question 9

tetrapod

Answer 9

four-footed animal with legs that have feet and toes that have joints

Question 10

cloaca

Answer 10

chamber that receives the digestive wastes, urinary waste, and eggs or sperm before they leave the body

Question 11

nictiating membrane

Answer 11

transparent eyelid that can move across the eye to protect it underwater and keep it from drying out on land

Question 12

tympanic membrane

Answer 12

an eardrum

Question 13

ectotherms

Answer 13

animals that obtain their body heat from the external environment

Question 14

cartilage

Answer 14

tough, flexible material making up the skeletons or parts of skeletons of vertebrates