Chapter 13

Question 0

Profuse sweating

Answer 0

Diaphoresis

Question 1

The most common presenting symptom of cardiac disease, as well as the most common complaint by patients

Answer 1

Chest pain

Question 2

Inability to perceive pain due to diseases of the nerves

Answer 2

Neuropathy

Question 3

Pain that results from a reduction in blood supply to myocardial tissue

Answer 3

Angina pectoris

Question 4

Narrowed coronary arterial walls, secondary to fatty deposits

Answer 4

Atherosclerosis

Question 5

A particular activity may elicit chest pain

Answer 5

Stable, or predictable angina

Question 6

Pain not elicited by activity that most commonly occurs while the patient is at rest

Answer 6

Unstable angina

Question 7

Form of angina that can occur when the coronary arteries experience spasms and constrict

Answer 7

Prinzmetal’s angina or vasospastic angina

Question 8

Causes dilation of the blood vessels that consequently reduces the workload of the heart

Answer 8

Nitroglycerin

Question 9

Results from a prolonged lack of blood flow to a portion of the myocardial tissue and results in a lack of oxygen

Answer 9

Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack)

Question 10

The most common cause of myocardial infarction, resulting in blockage of the coronary artery

Answer 10

Thrombus formation

Question 11

The most important drug that any patient with chest pain can receive

Answer 11

Oxygen

Question 12

The inability of the myocardium to meet the cardiac output demands of the body

Answer 12

Heart failure

Question 13

When the patients left ventricle ceases to function in an adequate capacity to sustain sufficient systemic cardiac output

Answer 13

Left ventricular failure

Question 14

Backup of blood in the pulmonary system that causes plasma to mix with and displace alveolar air

Answer 14

Pulmonary edema

Question 15

Low oxygen level

Answer 15

Hypoxia

Question 16

When the right ventricle ceases to function properly, causing an increase in pressure within the right atrium, thus forcing the blood backward into the systemic venous system

Answer 16

Right heart failure

Question 17

When the hearts stroke volume becomes severely diminished and causes an overload of fluid in the systemic tissues

Answer 17

Congestive heart failure

Question 18

Labored breathing

Answer 18

Dyspnea

Question 19

An excess accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac

Answer 19

Cardiac tamponade

Question 20

The outermost layer of the heart, potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium holds a small amount of pericardial fluid

Answer 20

Pericardium

Question 21

Muffled heart sounds, JVD, narrowing pulse pressure

Answer 21

Becks triad

Question 22

Evidenced by a systolic blood pressure that drops more than 10 to 15 mmHg during inspiration

Answer 22

Pulsus paradoxus

Question 23

When left ventricular function is so severely compromised that the heart can no longer meet the metabolic requirements of the body. Pulmonary edema with hypotension

Answer 23

Cardiogenic shock

Question 24

Decreased blood volume

Answer 24

Hypovolemia