Chapter 13 Flashcards
What is energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work.
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.
What is potential energy?
Potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or state.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy (KE) = 0.5 * mass * velocity^2.
What is the formula for potential energy?
Potential energy (PE) = mass * gravity * height.
What is the law of conservation of energy?
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
What is free energy?
Free energy is the energy that is available to do work in a system.
What is the formula for free energy change (ΔG) in a system?
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the change in entropy.
Is the change in free energy (ΔG) negative for a spontaneous reaction?
Yes, the change in free energy (ΔG) is negative for a spontaneous reaction.
What is the significance of free energy in biochemical reactions?
Free energy determines whether a reaction is energetically favorable or not in biochemical systems.
What is Gibbs free energy?
Gibbs free energy is the energy in a system that can be used to do work at constant temperature and pressure.
What is the relationship between Gibbs free energy and spontaneity of a reaction?
If ΔG < 0, the reaction is spontaneous; if ΔG = 0, the reaction is at equilibrium; if ΔG > 0, the reaction is non-spontaneous.
