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BIO112 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the endomembrane system?

A

A group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.

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2
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system includes the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) within the endomembrane system?

A

The ER is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, processing, and transport.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The endoplasmic reticulum can be divided into two regions, the rough ER which has __________ attached to its surface, and the smooth ER which lacks ribosomes.

A

ribosomes

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5
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus within the endomembrane system?

A

The Golgi apparatus processes, sorts, and ships proteins and lipids to their final destinations.

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6
Q

Which organelle in the endomembrane system contains hydrolytic enzymes for breaking down waste materials?

A

Lysosomes

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7
Q

True or False: Vacuoles are storage sacs within the endomembrane system that can store nutrients, ions, and waste products.

A

True

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8
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane within the endomembrane system?

A

The plasma membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system is involved in the production of __________ for secretion or for use in the cell membrane.

A

proteins

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10
Q

What is the role of transport vesicles in the endomembrane system?

A

Transport vesicles move proteins and lipids between the different compartments of the endomembrane system.

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11
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system is only found in plant cells.

A

False

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12
Q

What is the relationship between the endomembrane system and the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

A

The endomembrane system is interconnected with the nuclear envelope, allowing for communication and transport of materials between the nucleus and other organelles.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system plays a key role in maintaining __________ within the cell.

A

homeostasis

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14
Q

What is the significance of the endomembrane system in cell signaling?

A

The endomembrane system processes and transports signaling molecules involved in cell communication.

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15
Q

True or False: Mitochondria are part of the endomembrane system.

A

False

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16
Q

What is the function of peroxisomes within the endomembrane system?

A

Peroxisomes are involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification processes.

17
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system is crucial for the synthesis and modification of __________ within the cell.

A

lipids

18
Q

What is the role of the endomembrane system in autophagy?

A

The endomembrane system is involved in the degradation and recycling of cellular components through autophagy.

19
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system is a static structure that remains unchanged throughout the life of a cell.

A

False

20
Q

What is the function of the endomembrane system in maintaining cell structure and integrity?

A

The endomembrane system helps maintain the structural organization of the cell and its organelles.

21
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system is interconnected through a network of __________ that allow for the exchange of materials between organelles.

A

membranes

22
Q

What is the role of the endomembrane system in protein folding and quality control?

A

The endomembrane system assists in the proper folding of proteins and ensures their quality before they are transported to their final destination.

23
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system is only involved in protein synthesis and processing.

A

False

24
Q

What is the relationship between the endomembrane system and the cytoskeleton in cell function?

A

The endomembrane system interacts with the cytoskeleton to facilitate the movement of vesicles and organelles within the cell.

25
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system plays a critical role in the regulation of __________ transport across cellular membranes.

A

ion

26
Q

What is the function of the endomembrane system in membrane biogenesis?

A

The endomembrane system is involved in the formation and maintenance of cellular membranes.

27
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system is a highly dynamic and responsive system that can adapt to changing cellular demands.

A

True

28
Q

What is the importance of the endomembrane system in cellular metabolism?

A

The endomembrane system participates in various metabolic pathways and processes within the cell.

29
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system is essential for the regulation of __________ levels in the cell.

A

calcium

30
Q

What is the role of the endomembrane system in the formation of cell wall components in plant cells?

A

The endomembrane system synthesizes and transports cell wall components such as cellulose in plant cells.

31
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system is a closed system that does not interact with other cellular structures.

A

False

32
Q

What is the significance of the endomembrane system in cellular secretion?

A

The endomembrane system is responsible for packaging and secreting proteins and other molecules outside the cell.

33
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system is crucial for the recycling and reutilization of __________ materials within the cell.

A

nutrient

34
Q

What is the role of the endomembrane system in cellular stress responses?

A

The endomembrane system plays a role in responding to cellular stress by modulating protein synthesis and degradation.

35
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system is a static structure with no ability to adapt to changing cellular conditions.

A

False

36
Q

What is the function of the endomembrane system in lipid signaling pathways?

A

The endomembrane system regulates lipid signaling pathways that are crucial for cell communication and signaling.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The endomembrane system is involved in the formation of __________ that are essential for cell function.

A

organelles

38
Q

What is the relationship between the endomembrane system and vesicle trafficking in cell function?

A

The endomembrane system coordinates vesicle trafficking to ensure proper transport of molecules within the cell.

39
Q

True or False: The endomembrane system is a static structure that does not change in response to cellular needs.

A

False

BIO112 (6 decks)

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