Chapter 13 Flashcards
What are adverse childhood experiences, and what are their consequences?
Adverse childhood experiences include witnessing violence, abuse, or neglect, and experiencing stress due to poverty or systematic barriers. They can negatively impact health, education, relationships, and job potential.
What are the different types of abuse children may experience?
Children may experience physical, sexual, neglect, and psychological abuse. In Canada, 49% of investigations into child abuse are substantiated.
How does trauma affect a child’s brain development?
Trauma can lead to insecure attachments, brain damage, constant stress, changes in brain activity, and neurotransmitter imbalances. This can result in emotional damage, poor relationships, and cognitive problems.
What is the neurodevelopment pyramid, and what are its stages?
The neurodevelopment pyramid is a model that illustrates brain development from the bottom up, starting with the primitive brain (brain stem), followed by the limbic brain (midbrain), and the cortical brain (forebrain).
What are some ways to help traumatized children?
Interventions include play therapy for young children, talk therapy for older children, expressing thoughts and feelings, correcting self-blame attributions, teaching empathy, and teaching coping strategies.
What are some strategies to promote resiliency in children?
Strategies include providing a supportive relationship with a caring adult, strengthening economic support to families, promoting family-friendly work policies, and teaching children coping skills.
What are the types of aggression and their characteristics in children?
Instrumental aggression aims to achieve a goal and is more common in girls. Reactive aggression occurs in response to another person’s behavior and is more common in boys. Relational aggression involves damaging social relations and is more common in girls.
How can children be treated for bullying and peer aggression?
Treatment can involve learning new ways of responding, building friendships, and raising self-esteem. It may also include addressing both victims and bullies.
How does self-esteem develop in children, and what are its consequences?
Self-esteem is highest in preschoolers and drops during elementary school due to social comparisons. Low self-esteem can lead to problems with peers, psychological disorders, antisocial behavior, and poor school performance.
What is the impact of divorce on children?
Divorce can lead to financial hardship, less affection and control, and changes in routine. Exposure to parental conflict is harmful. Parents should explain the reason for divorce, reassure the child, maintain a civil relationship with the ex, and avoid putting the child in the middle.
