Chapter 13 & 14.5

Question 1

Healthy weight characteristics

Answer 1

• A weight compatible with normal blood pressure, lipid levels, and glucose
• A weight that promotes good eating habits
• A weight that is based on genetics

Question 2

Body composition characteristics

Answer 2

• Can be assessed via skinfolds or underwater weighing

- Ratio of lean mass to body fat

Question 3

BMI characteristics

Answer 3

• Anything from 18.5-24.9 classifies you as normal weight
• Ratio of weight to height
• Inaccurate for very athletic individuals

Question 4

Fat distribution patterns that increase your risk of disease

Answer 4

• Upper-body obesity generally increases the risk for chronic diseases
• Apple-shaped fat patterning alters carbohydrate and lipids metabolism
• Waist circumference is a good indicator of disease risk

Question 5

How many calories we expend each day is the sum of three things

Answer 5

Basal metabolism, physical activity, and thermic effect of food

Question 6

The energy expended to maintain functions like respiration and circulation

Answer 6

Basal metabolism

Question 7

Represents about 15-35% of our total energy output each day

Answer 7

Physical activity

Question 8

The energy expended during food processing

Answer 8

Thermic effect of food

Question 9

Factors that increase BMR

Answer 9

• Higher lean body mass

- Caffeine

Question 10

Factors that decrease BMR

Answer 10

• Female gender
• Older age
• Starvation/fasting

Question 11

Gherlin characteristics

Answer 11

• Protein produced by the stomach that stimulates appetite

- Levels of this protein seem to rise after weight loss making weight maintenance difficult

Question 12

Leptin characteristics

Answer 12

• Hormone produced by the fat cells that reduces food intake

- Obese individuals appear to be insensitive to the effects of this hormone

Question 13

Protein produced by the GI tract that decreases appetite and food intake

Answer 13

Peptide YY

Question 14

Contributes to the development of an eating disorder

Answer 14

Association of slenderness with attractiveness and wealth, perfectionist or obsessive-compulsive type personality, and a family history of eating disorders

Question 15

Bulimia nervosa characteristics

Answer 15

• Characterized by binge-purge episodes

- Causes tooth decay and possible esophageal rupture

Question 16

Anorexia nervosa characteristics

Answer 16

• Characterized by intense fear of weight gain
• Amenorrhea is common
• Most common and deadly psychiatric disorder diagnosed in women
• Health effects include bone loss, dry skin, loss of muscle tissue

Question 17

Binge eating disorder characteristics

Answer 17

Binge episodes, but not purging, at least two or more times per week. Individuals are often overweight