chapter 12 vocab

Question 1

altruism

Answer 1

helpful even when no benefits are offered/expected in return

Question 2

social-exchange theory

Answer 2

human interactions are transactions and we aim to maximize our rewards/minimize our costs

Question 3

reciprocity norm

Answer 3

we should return help, not harm, to those who help us

Question 4

social capital

Answer 4

mutual support and cooperation enabled by a social network

Question 5

social-responsibility norm

Answer 5

we should help people who need help without the underlying motivation that we can use it as leverage in the future

Question 6

kin selection

Answer 6

favoritism to people we are genetically related to

Question 7

empathy

Answer 7

putting yourself in someone else’s shoes; understanding their feelings

Question 8

bystanader effect

Answer 8

bystanders are less likely to help if they are part of a group compared to if they are the only one

Question 9

moral exclusion

Answer 9

omitting certain people from your moral values (feeling like you don’t need to act morally towards them)