Chapter 12 - social psychology

Question 1

Social Psychology

Answer 1

• Scientific study of how a person’a thoughts, feelings, and behavior influence and are influenced by social groups; area of psychology in which psychologists focus on how human behavior is affected by the presence of other people.

Question 2

Social influence

Answer 2

• Process through which the real or implied presence of others can directly or indirectly influence the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of an individual.

Question 3

Conformity

Answer 3

• Changing one’a own behavior to match that of other people.

Question 4

Social Loafing

Answer 4

• Tendency for people to put less effort into a simple task when working with others on that task.

Question 5

Deindividuation

Answer 5

• Lessening of personal identify, self-restraint, and the sense of personal responsibility that can occur within a group.

Question 6

Consumer psychology

Answer 6

• Branch of psychology that studies the habits of consumers in the marketplace.

Question 7

Compliance

Answer 7

• Changing one’s behavior as a result of other people directing or asking for the change.

Question 8

Foot-in-The-door technique

Answer 8

• Asking for a small commitment and, after gaining compliance, asking for a bigger commitment.

Question 9

Door-in-The-face technique

Answer 9

• asking for a large commitment and being refused and then asking for a smaller commitment.

Question 10

Lowball technique

Answer 10

• Getting a commitment from a person and then raising the cost of that commitment.

Question 11

Obedience

Answer 11

• Changing one’s behavior at the command of an authority figure.

Question 12

Social cognition

Answer 12

• The mental processes that people use to make sense of the social world around them.

Question 13

Attitude

Answer 13

• A Tendency to respond positively or negatively toward a certain person, object, idea, or situation.

Question 14

Affective component (ABC model of attitude)

Answer 14

• The way a person feels toward the object, person, or situation.

Question 15

Behavior component (ABC)

Answer 15

• The action that a person takes in regard to the person, object, or situation.

Question 16

Cognitive component (ABC)

Answer 16

• The way a person thinks about himself or herself, an object, or situation.

Question 17

Attitude formation

Answer 17

• result of a number of different influences. All forms of learning.
  
  • Direct contact - Contact
  • Direct instruction - instructions
  • Interaction with others - peer influences of Attitude
  • Vicarious Conditioning (Observational Learning) -observing other people’s actions and reactions to objects, people, or situations.

Question 18

Prejudice

Answer 18

-Negative attitude held by a person about the members of a particular social group.

Question 19

Discrimination

Answer 19

• Treating people differently because of prejudice toward the social group to which they belong.

Question 20

In-groups

Answer 20

• Social groups with whom a person identifies; “us”.

Question 21

Out-groups

Answer 21

• Social groups with whom a person does not identify; “them”.

Question 22

Three components of love

Answer 22

• Intimacy - feelings of closeness that one has for another person or the sense of having close emotional ties to another.
• passion - physical aspect of love; emotional and sexual arousal a person feels toward the other person.
• Commitment - decisions made about relationships; “I want to be with this person for the rest of my life “.

Question 23

The love triangles

Answer 23

• Love relationship between two people can involve one, two, or all three of the components in various combinations.

Question 24

Romantic love

Answer 24

• Type of love consisting of intimacy and passion.

Question 25

Companionate love

Answer 25

• Type of love consisting of intimacy and commitment.

Question 26

Social neuroscience

Answer 26

• The study of the relationship between biological systems and social processes and behavior.