Chapter 12 pt. 2 Flashcards
Extremely liberal chief justice under the presidency of Lyndon Johnson
Earl Warren
Period of the Supreme Court under Earl Warren that worked to enforce voting rights for Black people and forced states to redraw congressional districts so minorities would receive greater representation
Warren Court
Court case that ruled a defendant in a felony trial must be provided a lawyer for free if he/she cannot afford one
Gideon v. Wainwright
Court case that ruled upon arrest, a suspect must be advised on his/her right to remain silent and to consult with a lawyer.
Miranda v. Arizona
Ratified on January 23, 1964, this amendment banned the use of poll tax in all elections
24th Amendment
Bombed black churches and homes of civil rights activists with seeming impunity
Ku Klux Klan
Minister of the Nation of Islam that urged black people to claim their rights “by any means necessary” and ignored nonviolent protest strategies. His autobiography is an essential document of the history of racism in America
Malcolm X
A black nationalist organization that offered numerous programs and events designed to uplift blacks that are however overshadowed by the organization’s record of antisemitism, homophobia, and connections to prominent white supremacists.
Nation of Islam
Separatist radical program/movement that were led by the Black Panthers and fragmented after the assassination of King. Some continued to advocate integration and peaceful change while others argued for empowerment through self-imposed segregation and aggression
Black Power
National student activist organization that laid out the platform for the Port Huron Statement and eventually formed to become the New Left
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
Set the tone for other progressive groups on college campuses, also eventually formed to the New Left
Port Huron Statement
Broad political movement consisting of advocates who supported the elimination of poverty, racism, and an end to Cold War politics.
New Left
Where was an active branch of the New Left formed at?
University of California at Berkeley (1964)
New Left protests at the University of California at Berkeley formed this movement in which fostered a number of leftists and radical political groups on the Berkeley campus
Free Speech Movement
A cultural rebellion/movement consisting of Beat writers (Beatniks) such as Allen Ginsburg, William Burroughs, and Jack Kerouac that challenged the straight-laced conservatism of the Eisenhower era by publishing works championing bohemian lifestyles, drug use, and nontraditional styles of art.
Beat Movement
Book that openly challenged many people’s assumptions about women’s place in society.
The Feminine Mystique
Founder of the National Organization for Women
(NOW) who wrote the Feminine Mystique, identified “the problem that has no name” and is credited with restarting the women’s movement, which had faded after women suffrage was achieved with the 19th Amendment.
Betty Friedan
Organization formed in 1966 to fight for legislative changes, including the ill-fated Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the Constitution
National Organization for Women (NOW)
Proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex.
Equal Rights Amendment
An event at which gays fought back against the police in New York City
Stonewall riots
Court case that enabled women to obtain abortions in all 50 states within the first trimester.
Roe v. Wade
Court case that a state’s ban on the use of contraceptives violated the right to marital privacy
Griswold v. Connecticut
A way of life that was a total contrast to the staid mainstream culture (Ex: Hippies that grew their hair long, wore tie-dyed shirts, and ripped jeans)
Counterculture
An American marine biologist who wrote the seminal work of nonfiction, Silent Spring.
Rachel Carson
A worldwide bestseller that led to the ban of widespread use of the chemical pesticide DDT
Silent Spring
An act responding to the industrial pollution controlling the use of airborne contaminants
Clean Air Act of 1955
A nationalist Vietnamese resistance that was led by Ho Chi Minh to achieve the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Vietminh
Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader that led the Vietminh. Also wrote the Vietnamese Declaration of Independence
Ho Chi Minh
The right of a people to assert its own national identity or form of government without outside influence.
Self-Determination
A Vietnamese emperor whom the French had installed in the South. The United States ended alliance with him as they felt he was too weak to control the country.
Bao Dai
