Chapter 12 pt. 1 Flashcards
Ongoing political rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies that developed after World War II.
Cold War
An armed conflict between two states or non-state actors, one or both of which act at the instigation or on behalf of other parties that are not directly involved in the hostilities.
Proxy Wars
American foreign policy that pledges American “support for democracies against authoritarian threats.”
Truman Doctrine
Policy articulated by George Kennan, stated that the United States would not instigate a war with the Soviet Union, but would come to the defense of countries in danger of Soviet takeover. This policy aimed to prevent the spread of communism and encourage the Soviets to abandon their aggressive strategies.
Containment
A telegram sent by George Kennan to Washington from his duty station in Germany (1946) that set the policy of Containment to keep Soviets and communism contained so it can eventually collapse
Long Telegram
Named from Secretary of State George Marshall, send more than $12 billion to Europe to help rebuild cities and economy in return to become allies with the United States
Marshall Plan
A mutual defense alliance with Canada and a number of countries in Western Europe.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Germany’s capital that was deep in Soviet territory and was divided
Berlin
A blockade on Berlin that occurred when the Soviet Union closed off access to the city during the Truman Administration in 1948
Berlin Blockade
Constructed of concrete and barbed wire, this wall divided Berlin between the East and the West during the Kennedy Administration in 1961. Built to prevent East Germans from leaving the country.
Berlin Wall
A document that stated that the US should invest much more money into military spending because they could not trust other countries to protect them against communism.
National Security Council 68
A group of foreign affairs advisers who work for the president
National Security Council
The United States’ spy network
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Led by General Douglas MacArthur, worked for the rehabilitation of Japan after World War II. Japan wrote a democratic constitution, demilitarized, and started a remarkable economic revival
Reconstruction of Japan
A group of revolutionaries led by Mao Zedong in southern China led a successful revolt against the Qing Dynasty, establishing in its place the People’s Republic of China and ending the imperial system. forced the Nationalist government to retreat to Taiwan.
Chinese Revolution
Communist revolutionary that became the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China
Mao Zedong
Former State Department official that was found guilty of consorting with a Communist Spy under Richard Nixon’s presidency
Alger Hiss
American labor union that headed by Ronald Reagan that attempted to discover and purge its own communists
Screen Actors Guild
Demagogic senator that claimed to have a list of more than 200 known communists working for the State Department, lead a campaign of innuendo that ruined the lives of thousands of innocent people.
Joseph McCarthy
Lists of those tainted with charges and prevented the accused from working
Blacklists
A pioneer of radio and television news broadcasting, produced a series of reports on his television program “See It Now” which helped lead to the censure of Senator Joseph McCarthy
Edward R. Murrow
A series of televised hearings held by the United States Senate’s Subcommittee on Investigations to investigate conflicting accusations between the United States Army and U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy.
Army-McCarthy Hearings
Period of time in American history that saw U.S. Sen. Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin produce a series of investigations and hearings during the 1950s in an effort to expose supposed communist infiltration of various areas of the U.S. government. (defamation)
McCarthyism
In 1946, the inflation rate in the United States was how many percent?
20%
