Chapter 12 Psychological disorders: Module 38

Question 1

Anxiety disorder

Answer 1

The occurrence of anxiety without an obvious external cause that affects daily functioning.

Question 2

Phobias

Answer 2

Intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations.

Question 3

Panic disorder

Answer 3

Anxiety disorder that takes the form of panic attacks lasting from a few seconds to several hours.

Question 4

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 4

The experience of long-term, persistent anxiety and worry.

Question 5

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 5

A disorder characterized by obsessions or compulsions.

Question 6

Obsession

Answer 6

A persistent, unwanted thought or idea that keeps recurring.

Question 7

Compulsion

Answer 7

An irresistible urge to repeatedly carry out some act that seems strange and unreasonable.

Question 8

Somatoform disorders

Answer 8

Psychological difficulties that take on physical (somatic) form, but for which there is no medical cause.

Question 9

Hypochondriasis

Answer 9

A disorder in which people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health.

Question 10

Conversion disorder

Answer 10

A major somatoform disorder that involves an actual physical disturbance, such as the inability to use a sensory organ or the complete partial inability to move an arm or a leg.

Question 11

Dissociative disorders

Answer 11

Psychological dysfunctions characterized by the separation of different facets of a person’s personality that are normally integrated.

Question 12

Dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Answer 12

A disorder in which a person displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities.

Question 13

Dissociative amnesia

Answer 13

A disorder in which a significant, selective memory loss occurs.

Question 14

Dissociative fugue

Answer 14

A form of amnesia in which the individual leaves home and sometimes assumes a new identity.

Question 15

Mood disorder

Answer 15

A disturbance in emotional experience that is strong enough to intrude on everyday living.

Question 16

Major depression

Answer 16

A sever form of depression that interferes with concentration, decision making, and sociability.

Question 17

Mania

Answer 17

An extended state of intense, wild elation.

Question 18

Bipolar disorder

Answer 18

A disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings of mania and periods of depression.

Question 19

Schizophrenia

Answer 19

A class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs,

Question 20

Dopamine hypthesis

Answer 20

Suggests that schizophrenia occurs when there is excess activity in the areas of the brain that use dopamine as a neurotransmitter.

Question 21

Personality disorder

Answer 21

A disorder characterized by a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.

Question 22

Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 22

A disorder in which individuals show no regard for the moral and ethical rules of society or the rights of others.

Question 23

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 23

A disorder in which individuals have difficulty developing a secure sense of who they are.

Question 24

Narcissistic personality disorder

Answer 24

A personality disturbance characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance.

Question 25

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer 25

A disorder marked by inattention, impulsiveness, a low tolerance for frustration, and a great deal of inappropriate activity.

Question 26

Autism

Answer 26

A sever developmental disability that impairs children’s ability to communicate and relate to others.