Chapter 12 Part 4 Flashcards
Frog/Anurans Arch III development
- Arch III and associated section of anterior dorsal aorta become the internal carotid
- Internal and external carotids both branch from the common carotid, the section of ventral aorta between arches III and IV
Frog/Anuran Arch IV development
- Arch IV: the systemic arch
Frog/Anuran Arch VI Development
loses its connection to the dorsal aorta (ductus arteriosus closes), becomes the pulmocutaneous artery
One branch of the pulmocutaneous artery is the now well-developed pulmonary artery
Reptile Arch Development
Carotid arteries: arise from the right systemic arch
Subdivision of the ventral aorta: splits to form the bases of three separate arteries leaving the heart: the left aortic arch, the right aortic arch, and the pulmonary trunk
Aortic arches III, IV, and VI persist in reptiles
Bird Arch Development
- Paired subclavians arise from the internal carotids (3rd arch)
- Brachiocephalic artery: the major anterior vessel in many birds - branches from the right systemic arch
- Carotid become brachiocephalic, circulation branches from systemic arch
- The right systemic arch becomes predominant (only one present)
Subclavian arteries arise on top for wings
Birds lose left systemic/aortic arch
Arch 6 is pulmonary arch
Ductus arteriosis degenerates at hatching
Mammal Arch Development
- Left subclavian: from the left systemic arch in mammals
- Left systemic arch predominant in mammals
- Right subclavian: from right aortic arch (IV), part of the adjoining right dorsal aorta
- Lose right arch (from 4th arch)
- Left systemic arch is the aorta
- Subclavians come from 2 places: partly right aortic arch (left from left systemic arch, right from right systemic arch)
Chart image
simplifies development of arches, study this!
Which major venous system is derived from the vitelline veins?
o Hepatic portal system
o Vitelline veins form hepatic portal system; runs blood draining from gut ends up going through liver before returning to heart
Vitelline vein development
o liver grows around vitelline veins
o Liver grows liver cords; within, has venous channels through it
o The liver primordium grows into the vitelline veins
o Proliferation of liver cords breaks up the associated vitelline veins into hepatic sinusoids.
o Remaining short sections of vitelline veins enter the sinus venosus: the hepatic veins
Where does the hepatic portal vein come from?
common to all vertebrates and develops mostly from the embryonic subintestinal vein
Remodeling of the posterior cardinal veins produces which major venous system? Is it found in all tetrapods?
Renal portal system: kidney filtration basically; blood come from caudal vessels back towards the rest of the body and heart; has to pass through kidney before going to sinus venosus
Cardinal veins Lose direct connection to one another; attach to kidneys
Yes! It is found in Turtles, Crocodiles, Birds
Postcava
o Renal portal system sown eneterin kidney and going to sinus venosus; Vessel from kidneys to sinus to venosus is called postcava
Major channel returning blood from the posterior region of the body
Precava
Receives blood from left and right brachiocephalic veins (intercardinal anastomosis and right anterior cardinal, respectively)
Mammal supracardinals
develop, provide supplementary drainage of the posterior body
Mammal subcardinals
arise between the kidneys and pass forward to enter the posterior cardinals
