Chapter 12: Injury and Burnout Flashcards
Overtraining
long durations of excessive, physical overload without adequate rest, resulting in poor performance and physiological detriment
Burnout
physical and emotional exhaustion, sport devaluation, reduced athletic accomplishment, originating from:
- long term exposure to stress
- dissatisfaction
- frequent and ineffective efforts to meet demands
Symptoms, Signs, Characteristics of Overtraining
- sleep disturbance
- persistent muscle soreness
- overuse injuries
- loss of appetite, weight loss
- gastrointestinal upset
- concentration loss
- decreased libido
- mood swings
Symptoms, Signs, Characteristics of Burnout
- low motivation
- low energy
- exhaustion
- persistent mood changes
- decreased self-esteem
- devaluation of sport
- emotional isolation
- negative social interactions
- withdrawal from activity
- substance abuse
Who burns out? Ppl with… Give social/interpersonal and psychological examples
Social/interpersonal - high sport involvement - dissatisfaction with social life - financial costs Psychological - inappropriate expectations (i.e. win) - perfectionism - lack of enjoyment
Overtraining prevention and treatment
- effective periodized plan (stress free)
- recognition
- communication - support, permission for recovery
- rest
- tackle stressors
Burnout Prevention and Treatment
- monitor moods and changes
- manage post-competition emotions
- effective communication/support
- relax, time off sport
- maintain health
Who’s prone to injury? Ppl who…
- perform in poor conditions
- use equipment
- have high trait anxiety
- are pessimistic oriented
- have low self-esteem
- have low adjustment to high stress
- tough culture
- have prev. injury
Pain Threshold vs Pain Tolerance
Pain Threshold: at what point it’s pain
Pain Tolerance: characteristic of subjective experience of coping with pain intensity
Types of athletic pain (4)
- Performance Pain: controlled, associated with intensity, sense of accomplishment
- Injury Pain: not controlled, acute or chronic
- Benign: short in duration, no swelling
- Harmful: swelling, prolonged soreness
Pain management (3 types)
- Pharmacological: short term, dependency concerns
- Nonpharmacological physiological techniques: massage, chiropractic…
- Nonpharmacological psychological techniques: muscle relaxation, meditation, pain focusing: dissociation and association
Stage Models of Injury Reactions (3)
- 5 stage grief model: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
- Affective Cycle Theory: diff. athletes show diff. responses
- Range of reactions then coping
Injury Response Model (Cognitive, Emotional, Behavioural)
Cognitive Response: - need to adjust goals - estimate recovery time - sense of loss Emotional Response: - disbelief - fear of unknown - fear of reoccurence Behavioural Response: - adherence to rehab - use of psych. skills training - use of social support
Sport Psych. application in Injury Process (3 phases, describe in diff. cards)
- Injury illness phase
- Rehabilitation-recovery
- Return to full activity
Injury illness phase (1/3 Sport Psych. application in Injury Process)
- build rapport, empathy
- provide emotional support
- assist in understanding injury and rehab process
Rehabilitation-recovery phase (1/3 Sport Psych. application in Injury Process)
- assist in motivation
- discuss pain management techniques
- teach specific coping skills (self talk, imagery, thought-stopping, relaxation training)
- foster social support
- recognize signs of poor adjustment to injury
Return to full activity phase (1/3 Sport Psych. application in Injury Process)
- assist in setback possibilities (coping)
- assist with frustration
- consider emotional states as disrupted
Career termination: how well athlete adjusts is due to: (4)
- planning
- perceptions of control
- coping skills
- support - organizational, psych, family
Risks of Career Termination (3)
- deterioration of self worth
- family/social/occupational issues
- substance abuse, gambling
Benefits of sustaining and recovering from injury (3)
- Personal growth
- gain perspective
- develop other aspects of identity
- learn better time management - Psych. based performance enhancement
- increased self efficacy, mental toughness and motivation - Physical and technical development
- health improvement, training break
- learn to compete more intelligently
Acute injury
most common type of injury, caused by single, clearly identified event
Overuse injury
occurs gradually over time when athletes exps. repeated small injuries
Stress and Injury Model
athletic competitions are inherently stressful but ppl. respond differently to such stressors
Models of Burnout (4) (describe in diff. cards)
- Negative training stress response model
- Investment model
- Empowerment/unidimensional identity development model
- Cognitive-affective stress model
