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Sport Psychology 2 > Chapter 12: Injury and Burnout > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Injury and Burnout Flashcards

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1
Q

Overtraining

A

long durations of excessive, physical overload without adequate rest, resulting in poor performance and physiological detriment

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2
Q

Burnout

A

physical and emotional exhaustion, sport devaluation, reduced athletic accomplishment, originating from:

  • long term exposure to stress
  • dissatisfaction
  • frequent and ineffective efforts to meet demands
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3
Q

Symptoms, Signs, Characteristics of Overtraining

A
  • sleep disturbance
  • persistent muscle soreness
  • overuse injuries
  • loss of appetite, weight loss
  • gastrointestinal upset
  • concentration loss
  • decreased libido
  • mood swings
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4
Q

Symptoms, Signs, Characteristics of Burnout

A
  • low motivation
  • low energy
  • exhaustion
  • persistent mood changes
  • decreased self-esteem
  • devaluation of sport
  • emotional isolation
  • negative social interactions
  • withdrawal from activity
  • substance abuse
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5
Q

Who burns out? Ppl with… Give social/interpersonal and psychological examples

A 
Social/interpersonal
- high sport involvement
- dissatisfaction with social life
- financial costs
Psychological
- inappropriate expectations (i.e. win)
- perfectionism
- lack of enjoyment
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6
Q

Overtraining prevention and treatment

A
  • effective periodized plan (stress free)
  • recognition
  • communication - support, permission for recovery
  • rest
  • tackle stressors
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7
Q

Burnout Prevention and Treatment

A
  • monitor moods and changes
  • manage post-competition emotions
  • effective communication/support
  • relax, time off sport
  • maintain health
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8
Q

Who’s prone to injury? Ppl who…

A
  • perform in poor conditions
  • use equipment
  • have high trait anxiety
  • are pessimistic oriented
  • have low self-esteem
  • have low adjustment to high stress
  • tough culture
  • have prev. injury
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9
Q

Pain Threshold vs Pain Tolerance

A

Pain Threshold: at what point it’s pain

Pain Tolerance: characteristic of subjective experience of coping with pain intensity

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10
Q

Types of athletic pain (4)

A
  1. Performance Pain: controlled, associated with intensity, sense of accomplishment
  2. Injury Pain: not controlled, acute or chronic
  3. Benign: short in duration, no swelling
  4. Harmful: swelling, prolonged soreness
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11
Q

Pain management (3 types)

A
  1. Pharmacological: short term, dependency concerns
  2. Nonpharmacological physiological techniques: massage, chiropractic…
  3. Nonpharmacological psychological techniques: muscle relaxation, meditation, pain focusing: dissociation and association
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12
Q

Stage Models of Injury Reactions (3)

A
  1. 5 stage grief model: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
  2. Affective Cycle Theory: diff. athletes show diff. responses
  3. Range of reactions then coping
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13
Q

Injury Response Model (Cognitive, Emotional, Behavioural)

A 
Cognitive Response:
- need to adjust goals
- estimate recovery time
- sense of loss
Emotional Response:
- disbelief
- fear of unknown
- fear of reoccurence
Behavioural Response:
- adherence to rehab
- use of psych. skills training
- use of social support
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14
Q

Sport Psych. application in Injury Process (3 phases, describe in diff. cards)

A
  1. Injury illness phase
  2. Rehabilitation-recovery
  3. Return to full activity
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15
Q

Injury illness phase (1/3 Sport Psych. application in Injury Process)

A
  • build rapport, empathy
  • provide emotional support
  • assist in understanding injury and rehab process
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16
Q

Rehabilitation-recovery phase (1/3 Sport Psych. application in Injury Process)

A
  • assist in motivation
  • discuss pain management techniques
  • teach specific coping skills (self talk, imagery, thought-stopping, relaxation training)
  • foster social support
  • recognize signs of poor adjustment to injury
17
Q

Return to full activity phase (1/3 Sport Psych. application in Injury Process)

A
  • assist in setback possibilities (coping)
  • assist with frustration
  • consider emotional states as disrupted
18
Q

Career termination: how well athlete adjusts is due to: (4)

A
  • planning
  • perceptions of control
  • coping skills
  • support - organizational, psych, family
19
Q

Risks of Career Termination (3)

A
  • deterioration of self worth
  • family/social/occupational issues
  • substance abuse, gambling
20
Q

Benefits of sustaining and recovering from injury (3)

A
  1. Personal growth
    - gain perspective
    - develop other aspects of identity
    - learn better time management
  2. Psych. based performance enhancement
    - increased self efficacy, mental toughness and motivation
  3. Physical and technical development
    - health improvement, training break
    - learn to compete more intelligently
21
Q

Acute injury

A

most common type of injury, caused by single, clearly identified event

22
Q

Overuse injury

A

occurs gradually over time when athletes exps. repeated small injuries

23
Q

Stress and Injury Model

A

athletic competitions are inherently stressful but ppl. respond differently to such stressors

24
Q

Models of Burnout (4) (describe in diff. cards)

A
  1. Negative training stress response model
  2. Investment model
  3. Empowerment/unidimensional identity development model
  4. Cognitive-affective stress model
25
Q

Negative-training stress response model (1/4 Models of Burnout)

A

physical training leads to physical and psychological stress, which can have positive effects (learning new skills) and negative effects (burnout)

26
Q

Investment model (1/4 Models of Burnout)

A

burnout occurs when costs of participating in sport outweigh benefits

  • commitment based on 5 factors: rewards, costs, satisfaction, investment, alternatives
  • athletes evaluate each factor to determine whether commitment is based on intrinsic enjoyment or external entrapment
27
Q

Empowerment/unidimensional identity development (1/4 Models of Burnout)

A

describes role of competitive sports in interfering with athletes’ ability to develop normal identity, leading to stress following injury or lack of success, which can contribute to burnout

28
Q

Cognitive-affective stress model (1/4 Models of Burnout)

A

burnout occurs when person’s resources are not adequate to meet demands of situation, 4 stage process:

  1. physical and psych. demands of situation
  2. cognitive appraisal of demands
  3. physiological responses
  4. coping behs.
29
Q

Optimistic vs Pessimistic Explanatory Style

A

Optimistic: tendency to describe:
- good events as resulting from internal causes
- bad events as resulting from external causes
Pessimistic: tendency to describe:
- bad events as resulting from internal causes
- good events as resulting from external causes

30
Q

Overreaching

A

working at near max capacity for short periods, body will adapt to new demands and become more capable

31
Q

Staleness

A

short term mental, psych. and physical exhaustion

Sport Psychology 2 (6 decks)

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