Chapter 12: Excretory Flashcards
The kidneys maintain _____________ of the blood.
Homoestasis
The two major functions of the kidneys are…
2 Marks
- Remove nitrogenous waste
- Maintain water balance (meaning flow pressure and blood osmotic pressure
List the Urea Pathway
11 Marks
- Renal artery and Renal Branching
- Afferent Arteriole
- Glomerulus
- Bowman’s Capsule
- Proximal Tube
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Tube
- Collecting duct
- Renal Pelvis
- Bladder
- Urethra
List the Glucose Pathway
7 Marks
- Renal artery and Renal Branching
- Afferent Arteriole
- Glomerulus
- Bowman’s Capsule
- Proximal Tube
- Capillary Net
- Venule
In the Glucose Pathway, Which part does the Glucose get taken away?
Where does it come back?
2 Marks
- Taken away in the Bowman’s Capsule
- Back in the Venal
List the H+ Pathway
12 Marks
- Renal Artery and branching
- Afferent arteriole
- Glomerulus
- Efferent Arteriole
- Capillary net
- Distal capillary net
- Distal tube
- Collecting Duct
- Pelvis
- Ureter
- Bladder
- Urethra
List the RBC or large protein pathway
9 Marks
- Renal Artery and Branching
- Afferent Arteriole
- Glomerulus
- Efferent Arteriole
- Capillary Net
- Venule
- Renal Vien
- Renal vein branching
- Inferior Vena Cava
List the Water you don’t want to lose pathway
12 Marks
- Renal Artery and Branching
- Afferent Arteriole
- Glomerulus
- Bowman’s’ Capsule
- Proximal Convoluted tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Tube
- Collecting Duct
- Collecting Duct Capillary net
- Venules
- Renal Vien/Branching
- Inferior Vena Cava
The kidneys are composed of…
Millions of Nephrons
List the blood pathway
5 Marks
- Aorta
- Renal Artery
- Kidneys
- Renal Vien
- Inferior Vena Cava
List the urine pathway starting with the kidneys
4 Marks
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Urinary Bladder
- Urethra
What parts of the urine system is in the medulla
2 Marks
- Loop of Henle
- Collecting Duct
What parts of the urine system is in the cortex
4 Marks
- Glomerulus
- Proximal Tubule
- Distal Tubule
- Bowman’s Capsule
The centre of the kidneys is the…
Renal Pelvis
The outer portion of the Kidneys is the….
Renal Cortex
What is a functional unit of the Kidneys?
Nephron
The regions of nephrons from the site first receives filtered fluid from the blood are…
4 Marks
Bowman’s Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Several nephrons empty into one…
Collecting Duct
Cells of the nephron walls process the ________________ from the blood
Material filtered
After processing filtered material the valuable substances….
Return back to the bloodstream and collect additional wastes for excretion
What receptor detects Blood flow pressure
Juxtaglomerular
JGA
The renal artery branches until….
Each nephron has an afferent arteriole
The convoluted capillary bed is called the
Glomerulus
What leads from the glomerulus to a second capillary bed
Efferent Arteriole
What is the second capillary bed called
Peritubular Capillaries
What is Venous Circulation?
Leads away from the nephron
List the 4 things happening in the nephron circulation IN ORDER
4 Marks
- Filtration
- Reabsorption
- Secretion
- Water Reabsorption
What is Filtration?
Moves the Plasma from the Glomerulus to the Bowman’s’ Capsule
What is Reabsorption?
Moves filtrate fluid from the proximal tubule to the capillaries
What is Secretion?
Moves Plasma solutes from the capillaries to the distal tubule
What is Water Reabsorption?
Moves water from the collecting duct to capillaries
When blood pressure is high what happens to the afferent arteriole?
Low blood pressure?
- When it’s high, it is bigger/relax
- When it’s low, it is small
When blood pressure is high what happens to the efferent arteriole?
Low blood pressure?
- When it is low it is small
- When it’s high it’s bigger
The walls of the glomerular capillaries have…
Large pores
What is the purpose of the large pores on the walls of the glomerular capillaries?
To make them highly permeable
What covers the capillaries of the glomerular?
Specialized cells called PODOCYTES
The podocytes are a…
SPECIAL ADAPTION
