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Biology 20 > Chapter 10: Circulatory Part I: Heart and Vessels > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Circulatory Part I: Heart and Vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of the Right and Left Atria?

A

Chambers that fill with blood returning from the lungs (left) or body (right)

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2
Q

What is the function of the Right and Left ventricles?

A

Chambers that receive blood from the atria and pump it either to the lungs (right) or the body (left)

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3
Q

What is the function of the Septum?

A

Muscular wall that separates the atria and the venricles

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4
Q

What is the function of the Superior Vena Cava?

A

Collects poor oxygen blood from the head, chest and arm

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5
Q

What is the function of the Inferior Vena Cava?

A

Collects poor oxygen blood from everywhere else the superior vena cava doesn’t

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6
Q

What is the function of the Pulmonary Arteries?

A

The blood vessels that carry blood from the right ventricles to the lungs

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7
Q

What is the function of the Pulmonary Viens?

A

The blood vessels that carry blood back from the lungs to left atrium

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8
Q

What is the function of the Aorta?

A

The largest blood vessel in the body that leaves the left ventricles and carries blood out to the body.

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9
Q

What is the function of the Tricuspid Valve?

A

The trioventricular valves that have three flaps and separates right atrium from the right ventricle

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10
Q

What is the function of the Bicuspid Valve?

A

The atrioventricular valve that has two flaps and separates the left atrium from the left ventricle.

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11
Q

What is the function of the Semilunar Valves?

A

The valves that are half-moon in the shape and are found both in the pulmonary trunk and the aorta

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12
Q

The system is a ___________ system.

A

Closed

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13
Q

The 4 systems are:

4 Marks

A
  • Upper Systemic Circuit
  • Lower Systemic Circuit
  • Right Pulmonary Circuit
  • Left Pulmonary Circuit
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14
Q

The front view of the heart is called ______.

A

Ventral

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15
Q

List the order of blood on the right side of the heart.

7 Marks.

A
  1. Inferior/ Superior Vena Cava
  2. Right Atrium
  3. Tricuspid Valve and Chordae Tendineae
  4. Right Ventricle
  5. Semilunar Valve (Pulmonary Semilunar Valve)
  6. Pulmonary Trunk
  7. Left/Right Pulmonary Arteries
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16
Q

List the order of blood on the left side of the heart.

7 Marks.

A
  1. Left/Right Pulmonary Viens
  2. Left Atrium
  3. Mitral Valve
  4. Left Ventricle
  5. Semilunar Valves (Aortic Valve)
  6. Aorta
  7. Aorta Branching (Left Subclavian Artery, Left Common Carotid Artery, and Brachiocephalic Trunk)
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17
Q

The left side receives ________from the ____ and pumps it to the _____________ circuit.
3 Marks

A

oxygenated
lungs
systemic

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18
Q

The right side receives and pumps _______________ ____________.

A

deoxygenated blood

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19
Q

Where does the Left subclavian artery go to?

A

Left arm and left shoulder

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20
Q

Where does the Left Common Carotid artery go to?

A

Brian and Head

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21
Q

What enters the superior and inferior vena cava and leaves the pulmonary arteries?

A

CO2

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22
Q

What enters the pulmonary viens and leaves the aorta?

A

O2

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23
Q

Having the tricuspid and mitral valve closed and semilunar valves open is ________.

A

Systole

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24
Q

Having the tricuspid and mitral valve open and semilunar valves closed is ___________.

A

Diastole

25
Q

In a ___________ cycle the atria is relaxed.

A

Systole

26
Q

Average blood pressure for the systole cycle is ___.

A

120mmHg

27
Q

Average blood pressure for the diastole cycle is ____.

A

80mmHg

28
Q

What

  • Works at a default rate
  • produces nerve impulse
  • pacemaker
A

SA node

29
Q

What’s the bpm from the SA node?

A

60-70 bpm

30
Q

The SA node is composed of…

A

Little clusters of nerve cells`

31
Q

List the path of the nerve impulse and what happens in the end
8 Marks

A
  1. SA node
  2. Left/ Right Atrium
  3. AV node
  4. Bundle of HIS
  5. Bundle Branches
  6. Apex
  7. Left and Right Purkinje Fibers
  8. Left and Right Ventricles contract
32
Q

When the nerve impulse gets to the atrium what happens?

A

The atrium contracts

33
Q

The P wave in the electrocardiogram is….

A

Atria contract

34
Q

The PQ in the electrocardiogram is…

A

AV node

35
Q

The Q on a electrocardiogram is…

A

Atrium contract

Nerve impulse is at the bundle of HIS

36
Q

The QRS complex is…

A

Atrium and Ventricles contract

37
Q

R in the electrocardiogram is…

A

Ventricles contract

Systole

38
Q

The S on the electrocardiogram is…

A

Still contracted ventricles

39
Q

The ST segment is…

A

Ventricular diastole

40
Q

The T wave on a electrocardiogram is…

A

Ventricles relax

41
Q

The sound LUB is…

A

The closing of valves between the Atrium and Ventricles.

42
Q

The sound DUB is…

A

The opening of the semilunar valves.

43
Q

Which systemic system has exchanges of gas and plasma?

A

Upper and Lower systemic system

44
Q

Which system has a exchange of gas and no plasma exchange? What do you call this exchange?
2 Marks

A
  • Lungs

- Pulmonary exchange

45
Q

Arteries, Viens or Capillaries?

  • Has a valve
  • More Blood
  • Lower pressure
  • Thin middle and outer layer
A

Viens

46
Q

Arteries, Viens or Capillaries?

  • Less Blood
  • High Pressure
  • Thick Middle and Outer layer
A

Arteries

47
Q

Arteries, Viens or Capillaries?

  • Composed of one layer
  • Plasma leaves the pores
  • Tissue fluids come in
A

Capillaries

48
Q

The Inactive steps to the capillary beds

6 Marks

A
  1. Decrease CO2
  2. Arteriole shrink, less blood
  3. Precapillary sphincter contract/closed
  4. Capillary loops less blood, less exchange
  5. Thoroughfare channel dilates
  6. Venule
49
Q

The active steps to the capillary beds

5 Marks

A
  1. More CO2
  2. Arteriole gets bigger
  3. Pre capillary splinter dilate
  4. Capillary loops get more blood and more exchange
  5. Thoroughfare channel less blood
50
Q

When blood enters the capillaries, the pressure is…

A

40mmHg

51
Q

As the blood gets in the middle of the capillaries the pressure is…

A

25mmHg

52
Q

When blood leaves the capillaires then the pressure is…

A

10mmHg

53
Q

The osmatic pressure in the capillaires is…

A

25

54
Q

What is the formula to calculate Net blood pressure?

A

Blood pressure - Osmotic pressure = Net Blood pressure

55
Q

If your net blood pressure is to high of to low, what does that mean?
2 Marks

A
  • If it’s too high then that means you are blotted

- If it’s too low then you are hungry

56
Q

List 5 things going on in the capillaries

A
  1. Oxygen moves out of the systemic capillary by diffusion
  2. Plasma, water and nutrients move out of the capillary by blood pressure
  3. Carbon dioxide moves into the capillary by diffusion
  4. Tissue fluid, water and wastes move into the capillary by osmotic pressure
  5. Plasma protein and other large molecules maintain osmotic pressure of blood
57
Q

Explain the parts involved in the anatomy to respond to Blood arterial pressure drop.
7 Marks

A
  1. Carotid and aortic baroreceptors (low pressure receptors) react to the decrease of blood which translates into a nerve impulse
  2. The nerve impulse moves to sensory nerves that relay the information to the brain medulla
  3. The medulla oblongata then generates more nerve impulses
  4. The sympathetic motor nerves conduct more nerve impulses to the heart
  5. Medulla oblongata Parasympathetic cardiovascular center gets less nerve impulses
  6. Parasympathetic motor nerves strengths the nerve impulse to the heart
  7. The heart responds by speeding up the bpm and pressure increase
58
Q 
Explain these 4 anatomy parts
1. Arteriole and artery blood vessels
2. Adrenal gland medulla
3. Epinephrine hormone
4. Blood vessels from adrenal medulla to the heart
4 Marks
A
  1. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves, Arties and arteriole contract
  2. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves, produces Epinephrine hormone
  3. Control blood pressure
  4. Transport more epinephrine hormone

Biology 20 (6 decks)

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