Chapter 12

Question 1

Sigma bond

Answer 1

Result of two overlapping orbitals.

Question 2

Bond angles of C-H on an alkane.

Answer 2

109.5 Degrees

Question 3

Effect of chain length on bpt.

Answer 3

Increased chain length means greater surface area of contact and stronger London forces,therefore greater bpt.

Question 4

Effect of branching on bpt.

Answer 4

Increased branching means smaller surface area of contact and weaker London forces, therefore smaller bpt.

Question 5

Complete combustion

Answer 5

When an alkane reacts completely with excess oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.

Question 6

Bromination of alkanes: step 1

Answer 6

Initiation: Bond broken between Br2 by homolytic fission

Question 7

Bromination of alkanes: step 2

Answer 7

Propagation: Chain reaction caused by radical and CH4

Question 8

Bromination of alkanes: step 3

Answer 8

Termination: When two radicals collide forming a molecule with all electrons paired.