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Matthew 2014-15 (BIO) > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

steep-walled depression around a volcano’s vent

A

Crater

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2
Q

an opening in Earth’s surface that erupts sulfurous gas, ash, and lava

A

Volcano

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3
Q

igneous rock made when magma passes through a horizontal crack, goes between layers of rock, and hardens underground

A

Sill

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4
Q

volcano made from alternating layers of lava and tephra

A

Composite Volcano

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5
Q

a steep sided, loosely packed volcano made from tephra

A

Cinder Cone Volcano

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6
Q

bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air after a volcanic eruption

A

Tephra

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7
Q

a broad, gently sloping volcano formed by quiet eruptions of basaltic lava

A

Shield Volcano

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8
Q

igneous rock made when magma passes through a vertical crack, over rock layers, and hardens

A

Dike

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9
Q

largest intrusive igneous rock body that forms when magma being forced up solidifies underground

A

Batholith

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10
Q

a large, circular-shaped opening formed when the top of a volcano collapses after an eruption

A

Caldera

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11
Q

can collapse buildings, block roads, and cause lung disease in people and animals

A

Volcanic Ash

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12
Q

when volcanic ash and debris run down the side of a volcano.

A

Pyroclastic Flow

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13
Q

an opening in Earth where lava begins to flow out of

A

Vent

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14
Q

A volcanic eruption that is low in silica is a _____ eruption

A

quiet

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15
Q

Volcanic Neck

A

the hardened magma left behind in the vent when a volcano stops erupting

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16
Q

Acid Rain

A

formed when sulfurous gases from volcanoes mix with water vapor in the atmosphere

17
Q

Hot Spots

A

an area where the boundary between Earth’s mantle and core is unusually hot

18
Q

The amount of _____ and ______control the type of eruption and the amount of silica present in magma

A

water vapor, other gases

19
Q

Magma can be divided into two major types;_______ and ______

A

silica rich, silica poor

20
Q

large cracks on Earth’s surface that basaltic lava is known to flow out of

A

Fissures

21
Q

Earth has more than ___ volcanoes

A

600

22
Q

Volcanoes form at ____________ and ______

A

plate boundaries, hot spots

23
Q

What type of boundary is associated with composite volcanoes?

A

plates moving together

24
Q

_________ magma causes violent eruptions

A

silica rich

25
Q

What kind of volcano is Kilauea ?

A

shield volcano

26
Q

______________ is the process that formed Soufriere Hills volcano on Montserrat

A

plates moving together

27
Q

Why is Hawaii made of volcanoes?

A

a hot spot exists

Matthew 2014-15 (BIO) (13 decks)

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