Chapter 12

Question 1

any condition that interferes with the normal or proper functioning of the body or mind

Answer 1

disease

Question 2

a disease that can be spread to a person from another person, an animal, or object

Answer 2

communicable

Question 3

organisms that are so small they can only be seen through a microscope

Answer 3

germs

Question 4

germs that cause disease

Answer 4

pathogens

Question 5

a condition that happens when pathogens enter the body, multiply, and 
cause harm.

Answer 5

infection

Question 6

the smallest and simplest pathogens

Answer 6

viruses

Question 7

simple one-celled organisms

Answer 7

bacteria

Question 8

organisms that are more complex than bacteria but cannot make their own 
food.

Answer 8

fungi

Question 9

one-celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria

Answer 9

protozoa

Question 10

a combination of body defenses made up of the cells, tissues, and organs that fight pathogens in the body

Answer 10

immune system

Question 11

the body’s response to injury or disease, resulting in a condition of swelling, heat and redness

Answer 11

inflammation

Question 12

a secondary circulatory system that helps the body fight pathogens and maintains its fluid balance

Answer 12

Lymphatic system

Question 13

special white blood cells in the blood and lymphatic

Answer 13

lymphocytes

Question 14

substances that send the immune system into action

Answer 14

antigens

Question 15

specific proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body

Answer 15

antibodies

Question 16

the ability to resist the pathogens that cause a particular disease

Answer 16

immunity

Question 17

a preparation of dead or weakened pathogens that is introduced into the body to cause an immune response

Answer 17

vaccine

Question 18

a communicable disease characterized by fever, chills, fatigue, headache, muscle aches, and respiratory symptoms

Answer 18

Influenza

Question 19

the length of time that a particular disease can be spread from person to person

Answer 19

contagious period

Question 20

a viral disease characterized by a sever sore throat and swelling off the lymph glands in the neck and around the throat area

Answer 20

mononucleosis

Question 21

a viral disease characterized by an inflammation of the liver and yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes

Answer 21

hepatitis

Question 22

a bacterial disease that usually affects the lungs

Answer 22

tuberculosis

Question 23

a serious inflammation of the lungs

Answer 23

pneumonia

Question 24

a sore throat caused by streptococcal

Answer 24

strep throat

Question 25

cleanliness

Answer 25

Hygiene

Question 26

infections that are spread from person to person through sexual contact

Answer 26

STD

Question 27

a bacterial STD that may affect the reproductive organs, urethra, and anus

Answer 27

chlamydia

Question 28

growths or bumps in the genital area caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer 28

genital warts

Question 29

a viral STD that produces painful blisters on the genital area

Answer 29

genital herpes

Question 30

a STD caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 30

trichomoniasis

Question 31

a bacterial STD that affects the mucous membranes of the body, particularly the genital area

Answer 31

gonorrhea

Question 32

a bacterial STD that can affect many parts of the body

Answer 32

syphilis

Question 33

a disease caused by the hepatitis B virus that affects the liver

Answer 33

hepatitis B

Question 34

the virus that causes AIDS

Answer 34

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

Question 35

a disease that interferes with the body’s ability to fight infection

Answer 35

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency