CHAPTER 12

Question 1

What is the Integumentary system?

Answer 1

Yo skin, largest organ of the body, that fleshy good good

Question 2

What are the layers of the skin called?

Answer 2

The Epidermis and Dermis

Question 3

What is the outermost layer of the integumentary system?

Answer 3

The Epidermis

Question 4

What is the stratum corneum?

Answer 4

The most superficial layer of the epidermis, restrics loss of fluids from internal tissue

Question 5

What is the Dermis comprised of?

Answer 5

Connective tissue within a ground substance,

Question 6

What does the connective tissue/ground substance in the Dermis do?

Answer 6

Connective:Maintains resting arrangement of collagen
Ground:Provides cushion against compression

Question 7

What happens during the inflammatory phase?

Answer 7

It begins with vasoconstriction (stopping the blood flow to restrict bleeding) followed by vasodilation to i(ncrease flow of white blood cells._ Local Edema (swelling). may last about two weeks

Question 8

What happens during the proliferative phase?

Answer 8

Collagen(scar tissue) is produced. Ground substance, and angiogenesis occur, wound contracts

Question 9

What happens during the maturation phase?

Answer 9

It is called the remodelling phase. Normally there is balance between collagen
formation and dissolution, Influences scar formation
Excessive collagen forms abnormal scars!
* Keloid scar: extend beyond boundary of the wound; take
longer to mature
Scar contraction; if not managed can lead to scar
contracture
Lasts several months

Question 10

What is wound healing?

Answer 10

wound healing is commonly described as three phases, inflammatory, proliferative, and remodelling

Question 11

What is TBSA?

Answer 11

Total body surface area, the size of a wound

Question 12

What is vascular compromise?

Answer 12

Loss of vascular flow to an arterial site, caused by pressure,

Question 13

What is arterial insufficiency?

Answer 13

Loss of blood flow to an area

Question 14

What is venous insufficiency?

Answer 14

Venous blood accumulates

Question 15

What is a pressure ulcer?

Answer 15

Pressure on the integumentary system reduces blood flow and tissue dies.

Question 16

What is a neuropathic ulcer.

Answer 16

Low sensitivity in the skin may result in less adjustment and movement leading to pressure ulcers

Question 17

What is an avulsion injury

Answer 17

Degloving but anywhere. EW if you get degloved you have an avulsion injury or if it happens to yo foot or something anywhere

Question 18

What is a neoplastic skin disease?

Answer 18

Skin cancer :(

Question 19

Arterial Wounds

Answer 19

Commonly found on lower part of the leg, dry, often deep and pale, irregular shape, severe pain when leg is elevated, Adjacent skin is thin, shiny, and has hair loss, pulses are weak or absent

Question 20

Venous Ulcers

Answer 20

Shallow with red or pink wound base
Edema leads to poor healing
Mild pain, decreased with elevation
Adjacent skin is inflamed, dilated veins, abnormal
pigmentation and induration (hard), may be dry and
scaly
Pulses are present

Question 21

Neuropathic Ulcers.

Answer 21

Located on plantar surface of foot at pressure points
or bony prominences
Bleed easily (unless also arterial insufficiency)
Circular shape
Deep
PAINLESS (sensory neuropathy led to wound)
Skin adjacent appears normal but has sensory
deficit

Question 22

What are pressure Ulcers?

Answer 22

Found comonly over bony prominent areas. Vary in depth and size

Question 23

What are the four stages of pressure Ulcers?

Answer 23

I: nonblanchable erythema
* II: partial thickness
* III: full-thickness skin loss
* IV: full-thickness tissue loss
 Exposes bone, tendon, or muscle

Question 24

What is the vancouver burn scar scale

Answer 24

rates the characteristics of scars from 0-5 including pigmentation, vasculatrity, pliability. and height