CHAPTER 12 Flashcards
What is the Integumentary system?
Yo skin, largest organ of the body, that fleshy good good
What are the layers of the skin called?
The Epidermis and Dermis
What is the outermost layer of the integumentary system?
The Epidermis
What is the stratum corneum?
The most superficial layer of the epidermis, restrics loss of fluids from internal tissue
What is the Dermis comprised of?
Connective tissue within a ground substance,
What does the connective tissue/ground substance in the Dermis do?
Connective:Maintains resting arrangement of collagen
Ground:Provides cushion against compression
What happens during the inflammatory phase?
It begins with vasoconstriction (stopping the blood flow to restrict bleeding) followed by vasodilation to i(ncrease flow of white blood cells._ Local Edema (swelling). may last about two weeks
What happens during the proliferative phase?
Collagen(scar tissue) is produced. Ground substance, and angiogenesis occur, wound contracts
What happens during the maturation phase?
It is called the remodelling phase. Normally there is balance between collagen
formation and dissolution, Influences scar formation
Excessive collagen forms abnormal scars!
* Keloid scar: extend beyond boundary of the wound; take
longer to mature
Scar contraction; if not managed can lead to scar
contracture
Lasts several months
What is wound healing?
wound healing is commonly described as three phases, inflammatory, proliferative, and remodelling
What is TBSA?
Total body surface area, the size of a wound
What is vascular compromise?
Loss of vascular flow to an arterial site, caused by pressure,
What is arterial insufficiency?
Loss of blood flow to an area
What is venous insufficiency?
Venous blood accumulates
What is a pressure ulcer?
Pressure on the integumentary system reduces blood flow and tissue dies.
What is a neuropathic ulcer.
Low sensitivity in the skin may result in less adjustment and movement leading to pressure ulcers
What is an avulsion injury
Degloving but anywhere. EW if you get degloved you have an avulsion injury or if it happens to yo foot or something anywhere
What is a neoplastic skin disease?
Skin cancer :(
Arterial Wounds
Commonly found on lower part of the leg, dry, often deep and pale, irregular shape, severe pain when leg is elevated, Adjacent skin is thin, shiny, and has hair loss, pulses are weak or absent
Venous Ulcers
Shallow with red or pink wound base
Edema leads to poor healing
Mild pain, decreased with elevation
Adjacent skin is inflamed, dilated veins, abnormal
pigmentation and induration (hard), may be dry and
scaly
Pulses are present
Neuropathic Ulcers.
Located on plantar surface of foot at pressure points
or bony prominences
Bleed easily (unless also arterial insufficiency)
Circular shape
Deep
PAINLESS (sensory neuropathy led to wound)
Skin adjacent appears normal but has sensory
deficit
What are pressure Ulcers?
Found comonly over bony prominent areas. Vary in depth and size
What are the four stages of pressure Ulcers?
I: nonblanchable erythema
* II: partial thickness
* III: full-thickness skin loss
* IV: full-thickness tissue loss
Exposes bone, tendon, or muscle
What is the vancouver burn scar scale
rates the characteristics of scars from 0-5 including pigmentation, vasculatrity, pliability. and height
