CHAPTER 11

Question 1

What is the number one cause of death in the US?

Answer 1

Heart disease/Cardiovascular disease (CVD)

Question 2

What are the Coronary Arteries?

Answer 2

The two major arteries that supply the myocardium of the heart with blood.

Question 3

What are Ischemic conditions?

Answer 3

Insufficient blood flow to the heart over time

Question 4

What is Cardiac Muscle Dysfunction?

Answer 4

Weakened muscle of the heart leads to inadequate blood flow

Question 5

What is the difference in medical management between cardiac conditions and pulmonary conditions?

Answer 5

Cardiac conditions- used to alter rate rhythym or contractions and improve blood flow
Pulmonary conditions- drugs are used to
promote bronchodilation and decrease inflammation

Question 5

What are the phases of recovery

Answer 5

Phase I: acute (inpatient; ADL)
* Phase II: subacute (outpatient; monitored)
* Phase III: intensive rehabilitation (outpatient; more
independence)
* Phase IV: ongoing rehabilitation (outpatient; self-monitor)

Question 6

What was the estimated costs of CVD in 2017?

Answer 6

350 billion

Question 7

What does the cardiovascular system consist of?

Answer 7

The heart
Conduction
Coronary Arteries
Peripheral Circulation

Question 8

What is a Myocardial Infarction?

Answer 8

A heart Attack

Question 9

What is the Pericardial Sac?

Answer 9

The Sac that surrounds the heart

Question 10

What is the leading cause of death by CVD?

Answer 10

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

Question 11

What is the Myocardium?

Answer 11

The major portion of the heart

Question 12

What is the Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)

Answer 12

Initiates the sinus rhythym. Called the “pacemaker” of the heart

Question 13

What are the Coronary Arteries?

Answer 13

They are what supply blood to their respective sides of the heart (Right and left)

Question 14

What is Arteriosclerosis?

Answer 14

“hardening of the arteries” Increases resistance and makes the heart work harder

Question 15

What is ventilation

Answer 15

The exchange of air between the atmosphere and lungs

Question 16

Respiration

Answer 16

Exchange of oxygen into Carbon Dioxide

Question 17

What happens if either the cardiovascular or pulmonary system fail?

Answer 17

The other system will also fail. “System Integration”

Question 18

What are Ischemic Conditions?

Answer 18

Insufficient blood flow to the heart over time. Causes angina (pain in the chest)

Question 19

What is Cardiac Muscle dysfunction?

Answer 19

Weakened heart muscle results in weakened pumping ability. Embolus (clot) in coronary artery blocks blood to heart

Question 20

What is congestive heart failure? CHF

Answer 20

Ventricles improperly pump blood
Blood builds up in body
Right ventricle weak-Builds up in periphery
Left ventricle weak- Builds up in lungs

Question 21

What is a negative risk factor for CVD

Answer 21

High density lipoprotein cholesterol

Question 22

What is an Obstructive Lung disease?

Answer 22

Abnormal Airflow through the bronchial tubes
Ex: COPD

Question 23

What is a restrictive lung disease

Answer 23

reduces the volume of air in the lungs.
may cause tachypnea-fast breathing
caused by:inhalation of pollutants, infections, changes in heart function

Question 24

What are the steps to a PT detailed evaluation?

Answer 24

Asess Signs Develop Prognosis Develop POC Estimate frequency and duration of treatment Prepare for discharge

Question 25

What are percutaneous Coronary interventions?

Answer 25

Insert tube into coronary artery and dilate the artery by inflating a balloon * May insert a stent to maintain the opening

Question 26

What is the FITT principle of excersise prescription?

Answer 26

Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type of excersise

Question 27

What are the phases of recovery?

Answer 27

Phase 1: Acute (Inpatient, ADLS) Phase: 2 Subacute (outpatient, monitored) Phase 3 Intensive rehablitation(outpatient, more independent) Phase 4 ongoing (self monitor)