Chapter 12 Flashcards
human life is ________ life
group
what is relatedness?
the socially recognized ties that connect ppl in a variety of different ways. - friends, marriage, parenthood, common ansestor,
what are kinship systems?
social relationships that are prototypically derived from the universal human experience of mating, birth, and nurturance.
kinship systems are based on _________ and its transmission
a shared substance.
- transimittend by blood genes milk soul nurturance love
kinship is based on 3 things…
marriage
descent
adoption
also sexuality and friendship
what is marriage
kinship based on mating
affinal relationships
what is decent
kinship based on birth
- consanguine relationships
what is adoption
kinship based on nurturance
- fictive relations
what are affinal relationships?
marriage
what are consanguineal relationships?
descent
what are finial relationships?
adoption
what is bilateral descent?
formed by ppl who believe they are equally related through mothers and fathers side of the family
bilateral decent creates a group called… which means…
bilateral kindred
- includes all ppls linked to individual both mothers and fathers side. - relatives of one person or a group of siblings.
unilineal descent
- one gender
- most common
- through mother or father
- results in lineages
unilineal decent results in…
lineages
patrilineal
thraces throut the father
matrilineal
traced through the mother
example : all those who trace descent through males to a common male ancestor are indicated. this illustrates…
patrilineal decent - a type of unilateral
lineages in families can control things such as…
land
political status
lineages go back about…
5 generations
a clan is…
a descent group made up of lineages whose members believe they are related even if they can no longer specify the links
women leave _______ when they marry
patrilineages
among the nuer people Bride wealth is….
provided by lineage members - goods paid to the brides family to compensate for their loss of services
segmentary opposition
A mode of hierarchical social organization in which groups beyond the most basic emerge only in opposition to other groups on the same hierarchical level.
describe matrilineages
- descent traced through the women
- sister-brother important
- ## maternal uncle is most important man for a boy
define generation
Kin terms distinguish relatives according to the generation to which the relatives belong
what are the different criteria to distinguish how people are related to each other?
generation
gender
affinity
collaterality
bifurcation
relative age
gender of the linking relative
affinity is…
marriage
what is collaterality
those who are off to one side
bifurcation
mothers side and fathers side
parallel cousins vs cross cousins
parallel - persons parents same gendered siblings - fathers brother
cross- parents different gendered siblings - brother-sister
in adoption the relation of ________ is changed into one of ________
nurturance
kinship
in nunavut adapotees ….
maintiain a relationship with both old and new parents
- creates a community
marriage is not synonymous with _______
mating
monogamy
polygamy
polyandry
one spouse
more than one spouse
a woman to more than one man
endo vs exogamy
- endo - marriage within a defined social group
exo - marriage outside a defined social group
what are the 4 major patterns of post martial residence?
neolocal
patrilocal
matrilocal
avunculocal
what is neolocal?
couple sets up independent residence
what is partilocal?
couple loves with the husbands father
- common in farming
what is matrilocal?
couple lives with wifes mother
- thailand
what is avunculocal
couple lives with husbands mothers brother - not common
all societies prohibit __________
incest
bridewealth
transfer of gifts goods or money from the grooms family to the brides - a way to compensate for the loss of her
dowry
transfer of gifts goods money from brides family to grooms
- what the women brings to her husband and his family
what is another name for bridewealth
bride price
what is bride service?
the groom is required to provide work for the brides family
what is the def of family?
The definition of family is a group of individuals who can be considered as a single unit based on shared rights and responsibilities.
what is a conjugal
based on marriage, includes a spousal pair and their children
what is a non-conjugal family
a woman and her children, where the husband/father may be present occasionally or totally absent
nuclear family
parents and their unmarried children
extended family
parents married children grandchildren
joint family
brothers and their wives
or sisters and their wives
-living together with children
blended family
when divorced or widowed families remarry and bring children with them
