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Anthropology 101 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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1
Q

human life is ________ life

A

group

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2
Q

what is relatedness?

A

the socially recognized ties that connect ppl in a variety of different ways. - friends, marriage, parenthood, common ansestor,

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3
Q

what are kinship systems?

A

social relationships that are prototypically derived from the universal human experience of mating, birth, and nurturance.

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4
Q

kinship systems are based on _________ and its transmission

A

a shared substance.
- transimittend by blood genes milk soul nurturance love

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5
Q

kinship is based on 3 things…

A

marriage
descent
adoption
also sexuality and friendship

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6
Q

what is marriage

A

kinship based on mating
affinal relationships

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7
Q

what is decent

A

kinship based on birth
- consanguine relationships

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8
Q

what is adoption

A

kinship based on nurturance
- fictive relations

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9
Q

what are affinal relationships?

A

marriage

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10
Q

what are consanguineal relationships?

A

descent

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11
Q

what are finial relationships?

A

adoption

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12
Q

what is bilateral descent?

A

formed by ppl who believe they are equally related through mothers and fathers side of the family

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13
Q

bilateral decent creates a group called… which means…

A

bilateral kindred
- includes all ppls linked to individual both mothers and fathers side. - relatives of one person or a group of siblings.

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14
Q

unilineal descent

A
  • one gender
  • most common
  • through mother or father
  • results in lineages
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15
Q

unilineal decent results in…

A

lineages

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16
Q

patrilineal

A

thraces throut the father

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17
Q

matrilineal

A

traced through the mother

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18
Q

example : all those who trace descent through males to a common male ancestor are indicated. this illustrates…

A

patrilineal decent - a type of unilateral

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19
Q

lineages in families can control things such as…

A

land
political status

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20
Q

lineages go back about…

A

5 generations

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21
Q

a clan is…

A

a descent group made up of lineages whose members believe they are related even if they can no longer specify the links

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22
Q

women leave _______ when they marry

A

patrilineages

23
Q

among the nuer people Bride wealth is….

A

provided by lineage members - goods paid to the brides family to compensate for their loss of services

24
Q

segmentary opposition

A

A mode of hierarchical social organization in which groups beyond the most basic emerge only in opposition to other groups on the same hierarchical level.

25
Q

describe matrilineages

A
  • descent traced through the women
  • sister-brother important
  • ## maternal uncle is most important man for a boy
26
Q

define generation

A

Kin terms distinguish relatives according to the generation to which the relatives belong

27
Q

what are the different criteria to distinguish how people are related to each other?

A

generation
gender
affinity
collaterality
bifurcation
relative age
gender of the linking relative

28
Q

affinity is…

A

marriage

29
Q

what is collaterality

A

those who are off to one side

30
Q

bifurcation

A

mothers side and fathers side

31
Q

parallel cousins vs cross cousins

A

parallel - persons parents same gendered siblings - fathers brother
cross- parents different gendered siblings - brother-sister

32
Q

in adoption the relation of ________ is changed into one of ________

A

nurturance
kinship

33
Q

in nunavut adapotees ….

A

maintiain a relationship with both old and new parents
- creates a community

34
Q

marriage is not synonymous with _______

A

mating

35
Q

monogamy
polygamy
polyandry

A

one spouse
more than one spouse
a woman to more than one man

36
Q

endo vs exogamy

A
  • endo - marriage within a defined social group
    exo - marriage outside a defined social group
37
Q

what are the 4 major patterns of post martial residence?

A

neolocal
patrilocal
matrilocal
avunculocal

38
Q

what is neolocal?

A

couple sets up independent residence

39
Q

what is partilocal?

A

couple loves with the husbands father
- common in farming

40
Q

what is matrilocal?

A

couple lives with wifes mother
- thailand

41
Q

what is avunculocal

A

couple lives with husbands mothers brother - not common

42
Q

all societies prohibit __________

A

incest

43
Q

bridewealth

A

transfer of gifts goods or money from the grooms family to the brides - a way to compensate for the loss of her

44
Q

dowry

A

transfer of gifts goods money from brides family to grooms
- what the women brings to her husband and his family

45
Q

what is another name for bridewealth

A

bride price

46
Q

what is bride service?

A

the groom is required to provide work for the brides family

47
Q

what is the def of family?

A

The definition of family is a group of individuals who can be considered as a single unit based on shared rights and responsibilities.

48
Q

what is a conjugal

A

based on marriage, includes a spousal pair and their children

49
Q

what is a non-conjugal family

A

a woman and her children, where the husband/father may be present occasionally or totally absent

50
Q

nuclear family

A

parents and their unmarried children

51
Q

extended family

A

parents married children grandchildren

52
Q

joint family

A

brothers and their wives
or sisters and their wives
-living together with children

53
Q

blended family

A

when divorced or widowed families remarry and bring children with them

Anthropology 101 (8 decks)

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