Chapter 12 Flashcards
What affects light penetration?
Turbidity
What does marine life at depths rely on?
Food produced near the surface
What does algae absorb?
Nutrients from the surface
What is an example of abundant and non-abundant nutrients?
Abundant - CO2
Non-Abundant - Phosphates
How are phosphates increased in the photic zone?
Runoff from rivers
Areas of upwelling
What are the 2 types of Demersal fishing?
Trawling
Long Line
What is Demersal fishing?
Fishing for species who live on the seabed
What is Pelagic fishing?
Fishing for species above the seabed
What are the 4 types of Pelagic fishing?
Trawling
Drift nets
Purse seining
Pelagic long line
What are shellfish traps?
Baited traps to catch crustaceans
What are the environmental impacts of fishing?
Population decline
By-catch
Ghost fishing
Habitat damage
What are the 3 reasons why by-catch may not be wanted?
Immature fish
Catch quota is already reacher
Species with no commercial value
What is ghost fishing?
Discarded fishing gear can still trap and kill species
What habitat damage can occur?
Seabed damage Coral reef impact Seagrass beds Dynamite fishing Food web impacts
What methods are used to reduce environmental impacts of fishing.
Catch Quotas
Fishing equipment design and use
Restricted fishing effort
Restricted Fishing methods