Chapter 11 Study Guide Flashcards
What is the gradual change in a species over time
Evolution
What was Lamarck’s theory?
“Use it or lose it”, individuals lose characteristics they do not and develop those which are useful
What is when individuals inherit the acquired traits of their ancestors
Inheritance of acquired traits
What are the two examples of Inheritance of acquired traits
Stretching by giraffes lead their offspring to have longer necks
Strong muscles in a blacksmith leads his son to have strong muscles too
what did Charles darwin do
He developed the theory of evolution when he went to the Galápagos Islands and observed that the animals on the island were similar to mainland animals
What did Darwin hypothesize about the finches
That they had a common ancestor, but adapted to their environment and changed over time
What is it called if members of a species best suited for their environment survive and reproduce
Natural selection
What four things did darwin can evolution not occur without
Overproduction, genetic variation, adaptation, survive to reproduce (descent with modification)
Provides more variety and fight for survival, ensures that at least some of the offspring survive
Overproduction
Gives more options for nature to select from
Genetic variation
What is a trait that makes an individual successful in its environment
Adaptations
How many varieties of species must there be for natural selection to occur
Two
What are layers of earth
Fossil record
What is similar animals in different locations were the product of different lines of evolutionary descent
Geographical distribution of living species
Shows similar patterns of development among related species, very different species will show great differences right away
Embryological development
