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Psychology Test 2 > Chapter 11 - Stress and Health > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - Stress and Health Flashcards

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1
Q

Stress

A

Physical, emotional cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging

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2
Q

Stressors

A

Uma Ramamurthy
Houston
…or any other person/place/thing that causes stress

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3
Q

Distress

A

Unpleasant feeling caused by stressors

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4
Q

Eustress

A

Good stress that motivates you to do something (go to class instead of sleeping in)

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5
Q

Cognitive Appraisal Approach to Stress

A

How one appraises a stressor determines how stressing it is

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6
Q

Primary Appraisal

A

Knee-jerk reaction
Varies by individual
Determine whether entity is stressful or not
E.g., is test easy or hard (stressful or non-stressful)?

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7
Q

Secondary Appraisal

A

Conscious appraisal

E.g., you realize there are 6 days before the test left to study

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8
Q

Catastrophe

A

Unpredictable, large-scale event
Causes intense feeling of threat for an individual
Induces need to adapt/adjust
E.g., war, hurricane

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9
Q

PTSD Symptoms

A 
Flashbacks
Depression
Hypervigilance (fear of loud noises)
Nightmares
Focus issues
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10
Q

Hypervigilance

A

Fear of loud noises

Associated with PTSD

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11
Q

ASD

A

Acute Stress Disorder

PTSD but only for <30 days

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12
Q

Pressure

A 
Psychological experience produced by outside demands (college, self-pressure, etc.)
Pressure causes (leads to) distress
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13
Q

External Locus of Control

A

One’s environment dictates one’s behavior

No free will or ability to choose

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14
Q

Frustration

A

Experience of being blocked from a desired goal

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15
Q

Displaced aggression

A

Take out frustration on lesser target

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16
Q

Escape (frustration)

A

Physical self-removal from situation

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17
Q

Withdrawal (frustration)

A

Psychological self-removal from situation

E.g., drink alcohol, exercise, listen to music

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18
Q

Anhedonia

A

Depressive symptoms
Inability to experience fun/pleasure
Associated with burnout

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19
Q

Approach-approach conflict

A

“Eustress” conflict
Two good choices
E.g., graduate in one semester versus become CougarCS President

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20
Q

Avoidance-avoidance conflict

A

“Distress” conflict
Two bad choices
E.g., Joe Biden vs. Donald Trump (but Joe Biden isn’t that bad)

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21
Q

Approach-avoidance conflict

A

TBD

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22
Q

Sympathetic system

A

Triggered when experiencing stressor
BPM/blood pressure go up, nausea, sweat
Physical bodily reaction

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23
Q

Stages of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

A

Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion

24
Q

Parasympathetic system

A

“Renormalizes” body after stress

25
Q

Alarm (GAS)

A

Burst of energy, fight-or-flight

26
Q

Resistance (GAS)

A

Body prepares to adapt to stressor

27
Q

Exhaustion (GAS)

A

Resistance occurs too long, bear/shark eats you

28
Q

HPA Axis

A

3 glands involved in stress response (‘drip” stress hormones into system)
H - Hypothalamus
P - Pituitary
A - Adrenal
Suppresses immune system, causes health problems

29
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology

A

Study of psychological factors on immune system

30
Q

Natural killer cell

A

Immune system cell responsible for killing viruses and tumor cells

31
Q

Mindfulness/meditation on stress

A

Greatly reduce stress

More effective than general stress-reduction class

32
Q

Type A personality

A

Hardworking, time-conscious, ambitious
High levels of hostility and anger
Easily annoyed
Increased risk of Coronary Heart Disease

33
Q

Type B personality

A

Relaxed, lazy
Less driven and competitive
Slow to anger

34
Q

Type C personality

A

Pleasant but repressed
Internalizes anger/anxiety
Difficulty expressing emotions
Increased risk of cancer

35
Q

Hardy personality

A

Me
Thrives on stress
Like Type A but lacks anger and hostility

36
Q

Poverty (stress)

A

Very stressful

Poor areas are high-crime, and stressful to be around crime

37
Q

Burnout

A

Negative thoughts from prolonged stress

Symptoms: Anhedonia

38
Q

Acculturative stress

A

Results from need to change/adapt to new majority culture

E.g., moving to new country

39
Q

Four methods of acculturation

A

Integration
Assimilation
Separation
Marginalization

40
Q

Integration (acculturation)

A

Least stressful
Ideal
Maintain positive aspects of original culture
Form positive relationship with new culture

41
Q

Assimilation (acculturation)

A

Somewhat stressful
Lose original cultural identity (be Americanized)
Full assimilation into new culture

42
Q

Separation (acculturation)

A

Quite stressful
Happens to immigrant geezers
They try to maintain original culture
Find pockets of cultural identity (Chinatown)

43
Q

Marginalization (acculturation)

A

Very stressful
No contact with either culture
No social support
E.g., someone moves to US for work, doesn’t find pockets of original culture, does not engage with Americans

44
Q

Problem-focused coping

A

Bad coping

Get rid of the stressor entirely
Drop out of school/work

45
Q

Emotion-focused coping

A

Good coping

Manage emotions
Learn “relaxation techniques”, “deep breathing”
Can use negative techniques like drinking

46
Q

Freudian Defense Mechanisms

A

Subconscious distorts perceptions of reality to reduce stress and anxiety

47
Q

Denial (Freudian defense mechanisms)

A

Subconscious mind distorts reality to protect one from seeing terrible things
E.g., don’t see “cheating”

Same as first stage of grief

48
Q

Repression

A

Uncommon

Child’s mind blocks out memory of terrible memory (bad car accident)

49
Q

Rationalization

A

Subconscious justifies bad behavior

E.g., accidentally stealing something from office is okay because they have tons of money and stuff

50
Q

Projection

A

What Republicans do

Accuse opposition of doing the thing they secretly want to do

51
Q

Reaction formation

A

Opposite attitude or emotional reaction to inside feeling

E.g., anti-gay individual is actually gay

52
Q

Displacement

A

Similar to displaced aggression, generalized to all emotions

E.g., “love” on person but can’t do it, so redirect to someone else

53
Q

Regression

A

Person acts immature instead of adulting, because of impatience
E.g., Ted Cruz at the airport

54
Q

Compensation (substitution)

A

Person feels inferior in some way so they compensate in another way
E.g., buy the big huge truck

55
Q

Sublimation

A

Channel unacceptable urges into something socially acceptable
E.g., become surgeon if one wants to cut people up
E.g., become a boxer if one wants to fight all the time

Psychology Test 2 (7 decks)

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