Chapter 11 (section 5) Flashcards
The higher the temperature, the ____ the average energy of the collection of molecules.
Greater
What is the transition from liquid to gas is called?
Vaporization
What is the transition from gas to liquid called?
Condensation
Define vaporization
The phase transition from liquid to gas
Define condensation
The phase transition fomr gas to liquid
Water evaporates faster if the the surface area is ______.
greater
Define volatile
Tending to vaporize easily
Define nonvolatile
No easily vapourized
Liquids that vaporize easily are called ____, and liquids that do not vaporize easily are called _______.
volatile
nonvolatile
The rate of vaporization increases with _____ temperature.
increasing
The rate of vaporization increases with _____ surface area.
increasing
The rate of vaporization increases with ______ strength of intermolecular forces
decreasing
Vaporization is an _____process.
endothermic
Condensation is an _____ process.
exothermic
Define heat of vaporization
The amount of heat required to vaporize one mole of liquid to a gas
Define dynamic equilibrium
The point at which the rate of the reverse reaction or process equals the rate of the forward reaction or process
Define vapor pressure
The partial pressure of a vapor in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid
When a system in dynamic equilibrium is disturbed, the system responds so as to…?
minimize the disturbance and return to a state of equilibrium
Define boiling point
The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure
The ____ ____ of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals the external pressure.
boiling point
When a liquid reaches its boiling point where do molecules break free from?
The interior of the liquid as well as the surface
Define normal boiling point
The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid equals 1 atm or 760 Torr
The ____ _____ ____ of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals 1.01325 bar (1 atm)
normal boiling point
define standard boiling point
The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid equals 1 bar
The ____ ____ ____ is the temperature at which the vapour pressure equals 1 bar
standard boiling point
Once the boiling point has been reached can the temperature of the liquid increase?
No. Additional heating only causes a more rapid boiling.
Define critical temperature (Tc)
The temperature abover which a liquid cannot exist, regardless of pressure
Define critical pressure (Pc)
The pressure required to bring about to bring about a transition to a liquid at the critical temperature
