Chapter 11 Questions

Question 1

Know the differences between direct contact, local, and long distance signaling

Answer 1

Direct - signal between connected cells
Local - secreted signal molecules released and travel short distances to cause change in nearby cells
Long distance - hormones released by cells and travel thru blood stream to carry signal throughout body

Question 2

Which of the three types of signaling involves the secretion of molecules?

Answer 2

Local signaling

Question 3

Which of the three types of signaling requires the bloodstream to deliver signal molecules?

Answer 3

Long Distance Signaling

Question 4

Know the three stages of long distance signaling and what happens during each stage

Answer 4

Reception - hormone recognizes and binds (ligand binding)
Transduction - binding alters shape and initiates signal transduction pathway
Response - signal received and target molecule responds

Question 5

What are the two ways that cells can communicate through direct contact?

Answer 5

cells that are connected through cell junctions or cells that are connected through membrane proteins

Question 6

Which specific type of cell junctions is used for direct contact signaling?

Answer 6

Gap junctions in animals and plasmodesmata in plants

Question 7

Which type of membrane proteins are required for reception of ligands?

Answer 7

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)