Chapter 11: Prisons and Jails Flashcards

1
Q

Corrections

A

The different programs and agencies that have the legal obligation for the care, custody, treatment, supervision, and punishment of those convicted of crimes.

Corrections starts at the moment a convicted offender begins their sentence.

Corrections ends when a convicted offender has completed the conditions of their sentence and is legally released from government supervision.

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2
Q

The first prison in America

A

Records indicate that the first “prison” in America was operated in Simsbury, Connecticut in 1773 that had once been a copper mine from 1705 through the 1750s and was named “Newgate Prison”. The Newgate facility held a variety of offenders ranging from petty criminals to those convicted of more serious crimes including capital offenses.

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3
Q

Types of Correctional Facilities:

A
  1. Jails
  2. Penal institutions (prisons)
  3. Reformatories
  4. Houses of correction
  5. Community residential centers
  6. Halfway houses
  7. Juvenile detentions centers
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4
Q

The purpose of prison:

A

For the incarceration of offenders who have been sentenced to long periods of confinement (more than one year) or death.

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5
Q

The purpose of jails:

A
  1. to detain people waiting for their first appearance
  2. To detain people waiting for trial
  3. To detain people for short periods of time, usually less than one year
  4. To detain people who have been convicted but await sentencing
  5. To detain people who are being transferred to different facilities
  6. Relieve prison overcrowding
  7. Detain probation and parole violators
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6
Q

Types of Prisons and Jails

A

Prisons are found at both the federal and state level for violations their respective laws.

Jails are found at the local and county level, depending on jurisdiction

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7
Q

Super Maximum Security

A

House the most dangerous / notorious

Confinement is mostly solitary

No contact with other inmate

Institutional focus is on security

There is only one super maximum facility in the United States, located in Florence, Colorado.

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8
Q

Maximum Security Prisons

A

Houses dangerous prisoners

Institutional focus is on security

Built like fortresses

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9
Q

Medium Security Prisons

A

Houses prisoners not considered overtly dangerous

Facility appearance is similar to maximum security

More focus on treatment

More privileges

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10
Q

Minimum Security Prisons

A

Houses prisoners considered non-violent and trustworthy to a degree

No walls or armed guards

Sometimes referred to as “walkaways” or “country clubs”

Accommodations are dormitory style

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11
Q

Who Supervises Prison Operations?

A

In a typical prison, operations are supervised by one chief executive known as a “warden” and are usually broken down into four categories, custody, management, programs, and industry. Each of these four areas of prison operations are supervised by “assistant wardens”.

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12
Q

Prison Operations

A
  1. Custody includes security, corrections officers, training, safety, inmate discipline, investigations and visitor protocol
  2. Management includes budgets, accounting, purchasing, food service, commissary, laundry and grounds upkeep
  3. Programs include medical services, mental health, treatment programs, recreation, volunteers, classification and addressing religious needs
  4. Industry includes any institutional work or agriculture programming
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13
Q

Prison Management

A
  1. Participation Model = permits inmates to have some control over their life in prison, usually found in medium to minimum security facilities
  2. Control Model = strict rules are enforced with minimal prisoner autonomy, usually found in maximum security facilities
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14
Q

What is the term that refers to a criminal offender who is required to pay back their victim, either with money or by work?

A

Restitution

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15
Q

Who was one of the more infamous criminals to have a stay at Eastern State Penitentiary?

A

Al Capone

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16
Q

People who have been sent to prison have most likely been convicted of a:

A

Felony

17
Q

What is the main cause of mass incarceration in the United States?

A

Get tough on crime laws

18
Q

Match the name of the inmate at the SuperMax to their criminal association

A

Larry Hoover —> Gangster Disciples
Tyler Bingham —> Aryan Brotherhood
Faisal Shahzad —> 2010 Times Square Car Bombing
Zacarias Moussaoui —> 9/11 Attacks
Ramsi Yousef —> 1993 World Trade Center Bombing
Ted Kaczynski —> Unibomber
Robert Hanssen —> Former FBI agent sold secrets to Russia
Dzhokhar Tsarnaev —> Boston Marathon Bomber

19
Q

What will reduce the illegal drug problem in the United States?

A

Addressing drug use in America

20
Q

Out of the four categories of prison operations list above, which one requires the most resources?

A

Custody

21
Q

Since the 1970s the number of women in jail has multiplied?

A

14 times

22
Q

The name of the program designed for helping elderly inmates is the?

A

Gold Coats Program