Chapter 11 Persia and the Greeks

Question 1

Assyrians

Answer 1

agricultural people who lived along the upper banks of the Tigris river in modern Iraq

Question 2

Ashur

Answer 2

Assyrian god that ruled the heavens and required all humans to recognize this

Question 3

Carthage

Answer 3

“new city” overseas colony of Lebanon

Question 4

Medes

Answer 4

Babylonian rebels and a warrior people from the mountains of western Iran that burned Assyria’s capital at Nineveh to the ground

Question 5

King Midas

Answer 5

turned everything he touched into gold, reigned around 700 BC

Question 6

Lydia

Answer 6

75 miles from Aegean Sea, their phenomenal wealth amazed the Greeks

Question 7

Gyges

Answer 7

usurper who seized Lydia’s throne in 680s

Question 8

Croesus

Answer 8

560, new king that assumed Lydia’s throne

Question 9

Cyrus

Answer 9

grandson of Astyages, sent to live with his birth mother

-became chief of persians

Question 10

Zoroastrianism

Answer 10

dualistic religion followed by Cyrus
-prophet Zoroaster claimed that the universe was a battleground between uncreated creator Ahuramasda, principle of light and goodness, and Ahriman, force of darkness

Question 11

Ahuamazda

Answer 11

“wise God”, uncreated creator, principle of light and goodness

Question 12

Achaemenids

Answer 12

Cyrus’ family, chosen to lead the struggle in this world

Question 13

Cambyses

Answer 13

Cyrus’ son, continued Achaemenid expansion, attacking Egypt in 525 BC

Question 14

darius

Answer 14

conspirator

Question 15

hyrbis

Answer 15

“violence” a punishable crime

Question 16

satraps

Answer 16

local governers set up by Darius

Question 17

Histiaeus

Answer 17

pro-Persian tyrant of Miletus

Question 18

triremes

Answer 18

ships of naval warfare that had three banks of oars down each side, long thin and without keels, unstable, but could move quickly and were maneuverable with trained crews

Question 19

Marathon

Answer 19

beach northeast of Athens on which Persians landed (September 8th, 490BC) organized their troops and marched inland