Chapter 10 Sparta and Athens Flashcards

1
Q

helots

A

state owned serfs that worked the land while citizens followed a life long program of military training in centralized institutions

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2
Q

Spartan mirage

A

a vision of stability, hierarchy, and order in which all knew their place

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3
Q

Lycurgus

A

said to have created perfect laws for Sparta. Made all men equal, regulated their lives, and forged the ultimate fighting machine according to the legend.

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4
Q

Dorian

A

dialect of Greek that Spartans spoke

-distinct people who invaded southern Greece in the 12 century after the fall of Troy

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5
Q

periokiloi

A

luckier Laconians were called this

-means “dwellers-around”

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6
Q

Spartiates

A

Full Spartan citizens

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7
Q

Council of Elders

A

settled all serious law suits and determined what questions to put before an assembly consisting of all Spartiate males.

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8
Q

Ephors

A

elected by the assembly

  • served on year and could no tbe reelected
  • supervised kings and Elders with authority to impeach or depose them if they broke laws
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9
Q

Assembly

A

included all Spartiate men aged over 30 and met outdoors at full moon

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10
Q

Peloponnesian Leauge

A

Spartan alliance

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11
Q

archons

A

elected each year from top two classes

  • one was chief, extensive powers
  • could only be this once, then would be life member of Areopagus
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12
Q

Areopagus

A

“stake of Ares” named after the hill beneath the west end of the Athenian Acropolis where council met.

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13
Q

Council of 400

A

men chosen from four tradition Athenian tribes, based on kinship, 100 from each tribe

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14
Q

Hippias

A

Pisistratus’ son that wielded real power after his death in 527 BC

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15
Q

Hipparchus

A

Brother of Hippias promoted Athens as a cultural center, inviting poets to their court

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16
Q

Harmodius

A

boy that Hipparchus fell in love with, but rebuffed him.

17
Q

Aristogeiton

A

Harmodius’ beloved.

18
Q

Cleisthenes

A

an Almaeonid, emerged as a strongman in the state

19
Q

Council of 500

A

50 men selected by lot from each of the ten new tribes

20
Q

demokratia

A

“power of the people”, the Athenian radically egalitarian political system

21
Q

demos

A

“people”, excluded women, children and slaved

22
Q

ostracism

A

annual unpopularity contest

-designed to prevent anyone from becoming too popular from using the assembly as a stepping stone to tyranny