Chapter 11 - Pathology

Question 1

abnormal heart rhythms (dysrythmias)

Answer 1

arrhythmias

Question 2

rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

Answer 2

flutter

Question 3

very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart. (350+ beats per minute)

Answer 3

fibrillation

Question 4

abnormalities in the heart at birth

Answer 4

congenital heart disease

Question 5

narrowing of the aorta

Answer 5

coarctation of the aorta (CoA)

Question 6

passageway between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open after birth

Answer 6

patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

Question 7

small holes in the wall between the atria or the ventricles

Answer 7

septal defects

Question 8

congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects

Answer 8

tetralogy of Fallot

Question 9

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

Answer 9

congestive heart failure (CHF)

Question 10

disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

Answer 10

coronary artery disease (CAD)

Question 11

inflammation if the inner lining of the heart

Answer 11

endocaarditis

Question 12

high blood pressure affecting the heart

Answer 12

hypertensive heart disease

Question 13

improper closure of the mitral valve

Answer 13

mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

Question 14

extra heart sound, heard between normal heart beats

Answer 14

murmur

Question 15

inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart

Answer 15

pericarditis

Question 16

heart disease caused by rheumatic fever

Answer 16

rheumatic heart disease

Question 17

local widening of an arterial wall

Answer 17

aneurysm

Question 18

blood clot forms in a large vein, usually a lower limb

Answer 18

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Question 19

high blood pressure

Answer 19

hypertension (HTN)

Question 20

blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs

Answer 20

peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

Question 21

recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes

Answer 21

Raynaud disease (Raynaud’s)

Question 22

abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs

Answer 22

varicose veins