Chapter 11: Overview of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Central cavity of the thorax

A

Mediastinum

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2
Q

What percentage of the heart mass lies left of the midsternal line?

A

2/3

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3
Q

What does the heart rest on?

A

the diaphragm

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4
Q

Lower pointed part of the heart that points to L hip

A

apex

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5
Q

What is the average HR throughout life?

A

72-75 BPM

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6
Q

Double walled sac that encloses the heart,

forms an outer layer of tough connective tissue

A

pericardium

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7
Q

Outermost layer of the heart; it is the outer layer of connective tissue covering the myocardium and coronary arteries, and it overlies a little loose fibrous
and adipose tissue. It is also the inner (visceral) layer of the pericardium (which
covers the myocardium)

A

Epicardium

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8
Q

Middle layer of the heart; it is the thickest layer and is muscular; the workhorse of the heart.

A

Myocardium

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9
Q

Innermost layer of the heart, forms a smooth membrane
of endothelial cells lining the cardiac chambers and covering the
surfaces of the heart valves

A

Endocardium

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10
Q

What are the layers of the pericardium?

A
Outer = fibrous pericardium
Middle = Serous pericardium
Inner = Epicardium (visceral epicardium)
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11
Q

True or false: There is normally a channel for direct communication between the R and L sides of the heart.

A

False

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12
Q

What separates the R and L chambers of the heart?

A

Septum (one between the atria and one between the ventricles)

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13
Q

Which half of the heart is the pulmonary pump (sends blood into pulmonary arteries)?

A

Right

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14
Q

Which half of the heart is the systemic pump?

A

Left

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15
Q

What separates the atria and ventricles and surrounds and provides structural support for the heart valves?

A

Dense fibrous tissue (a fibrous framework)

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16
Q

Through what 3 veins does blood enter the Right Atrium?

A

1) Superior Vena Cava
2) Inferior Vena Cava
3) Coronary Sinus

17
Q

What collects the blood that drains from the myocardium and returns it to the R atrium?

A

Coronary sinus

18
Q

Through what veins does blood enter the L atrium?

A

4 pulmonary veins

19
Q

True or false: The L side of the heart pumps CO2 rich blood.

A

False; the R side pumps CO2 rich blood

20
Q

What are the three layers of the heart?

A

1) Epicardium
2) Myocardium
3) Endocardium