Chapter 11: Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
What is motivation?
The urge to move toward one’s goals to accomplish tasks
What are the components of motivation?
Needs - biological (need for water)
Drives - Internal urge you to fulfill need (thirst)
Incentives - external motivator ($)
What is drive reduction model of motivation?
Homeostasis - motivated to reduce drives through actions that satisfy needs
What is Optimal Arousal Model of motivation?
Peak performance at mid-level of arousal
What is the evolutionary model of motivation?
All motives surround basic survival/reproduction needs
What is the hierarchical model of motivation?
(Top to bottom) Self actualization Esteem Needs Love and Belonging Safety and Security Physiological
What biological factors affect when we eat?
Stomach
Blood
Brain
Hormones
What psychological factors affect what we eat?
Evolutionary Forces
-sugar, salt, fat
Cultural Forces
-familiarity
What area of the brain is associated with sex?
Hypothalamus (basic biological drives)
What happens to brain function during orgasm?
fear/anxiety turned down
What role does testosterone play in sex?
regulates sex drive in men/women
What role does ovulation play in sex?
Peak sex drive in women
How is sexual orientation measured?
a continuum
How is sexual orientation affected by nature?
- fetal exposure to testosterone
- size of region in hypothalamus
- genetic influence for males (gene on x chromosome)
What is the need to belong?
Affiliation:
- Rejection can lead to:
a) Health problems
b) Depression and suicide
c) Anger, violence and aggression
What is the need to excel?
Achievement
- Motivation in the workplace
a) Extrinsic motivation (paycheck)
b) Intrinsic motivation (satisfaction)
c) Perceived support by Organization (appreciation)
What are the universal basic emotions?
Anger Disgust Fear Happiness Sadness Surprise
What are self conscious emotions?
Occur because of how we feel we are meeting our own and society’s expectations.
Must be taught.
-Embarassment, shame, guilt, pride, humiliation
What is the emotional process?
Antecedent -> Appraisal -> Physiological, behavioral, subjective changes
What is reappraisal?
Trying to control emotional response after appraisal
What part of the brain controls emotions?
Amygdala
What aspect of emotions does the prefrontal cortex control?
response, regulation, reappraisal
What is the difference between men and women when it comes to emotions?
Men are better at controlling and suppressing emotions
Women are more emotionally expressive
What is emotional intelligence?
ability to recognize emotions in self & others
Empathetic understanding
Skills for regulating emotions in self & others